Silvia Paul J, Eddington Kari M, Maloney Kathleen H, Lunsford Jaimie M, Harper Kelly L, Kwapil Thomas R
Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro.
National Center for PTSD, Behavioral Science Division, VA Boston Healthcare System.
Pers Individ Dif. 2021 Sep;179. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.110963. Epub 2021 Apr 30.
Self-report scales are popular tools for measuring anhedonic experiences and motivational deficits, but how well do they reflect clinically significant anhedonia? Seventy-eight adults participated in face-to-face structured diagnostic interviews: 22 showed clinically significant anhedonia, and 18 met criteria for depression. Analyses of effect sizes comparing the anhedonia and depression groups to their respective controls found large effects, as expected, for measures of depressive symptoms, but surprisingly weak effect sizes (all less than =.50) for measures of general, social, or physical anhedonia, behavioral activation, and anticipatory and consummatory pleasure. Measures of Neuroticism and Extraversion distinguished the anhedonic and depressed groups from the controls at least as well as measures of anhedonia and motivation. Taken together, the findings suggest that caution is necessary when extending self-report findings to populations with clinically significant symptoms.
自我报告量表是测量快感缺失体验和动机缺陷的常用工具，但它们在多大程度上能反映临床上显著的快感缺失呢？78名成年人参与了面对面的结构化诊断访谈：22人表现出临床上显著的快感缺失，18人符合抑郁症标准。对快感缺失组和抑郁症组与其各自对照组进行效应量分析，正如预期的那样，抑郁症状测量指标发现了较大效应，但令人惊讶的是，一般、社交或身体快感缺失、行为激活以及预期和 consummatory 愉悦感测量指标的效应量较弱（均小于 =.50）。神经质和外向性测量指标区分快感缺失组和抑郁症组与对照组的效果至少与快感缺失和动机测量指标一样好。综合来看，研究结果表明，将自我报告结果推广到有临床显著症状的人群时需要谨慎。
