埃塞俄比亚中部阿达玛医学院的道路交通伤害及管理结局。
Road traffic accident and management outcome among in Adama Hospital Medical College, Central Ethiopia.
机构信息
Department of Public Health, Adama Hospital Medical College, Shewa, South Eastern Ethiopia.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Pan Afr Med J. 2021 Feb 19;38:190. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2021.38.190.11650. eCollection 2021.
INTRODUCTION
road traffic injuries represent accounts for significant cause of morbidity and mortality around the globe, particularly in developing countries like Ethiopia. Poor pre-hospital care system and delays in hospitals before getting aids added to the woes of mortality. However, there are no study that determine the types of injury, management and outcome of road traffic accidents and associated factors in this study area.
METHODS
a hospital based retrospective cross sectional study was conducted among patients attending to Adama Hospital Medical College with accidental injuries from January to December 2015. Data were retrieved from 556 patients registry selected by systematic random sampling from 11,120 injuries visiting the hospital. Data were coded, cleaned and entered to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Factors associated with the management outcome of injury related to road traffic accident were analyzed and statistical significance was declared with p < 0.05 with CI of 95%.
RESULTS
out of 556 trauma victims, 304 (54.7%) were due to road traffic accidents followed by personal violence (24%) and falling accident (10.3%). The majorities (74.8%) of patients were male and urban residents (55%). Soft tissue injury was the most frequent type of injury (51%) followed by extremity fracture and dislocation (26%). Delay to come to hospital (over 24 hours), severity of injuries and management types were factors influencing management outcome of injuries related to traffic accidents. About 90.1%, 4.6% and 5.3% of the patients were discharged without any prominent disability, permanent disability and died respectively.
CONCLUSION
road traffic accidents are preventable causes of morbidity and mortality. Practices of strict road safety measures and appropriate use of roadways by pedestrians should be in place, while establishing and strengthening early access to hospital and pre-hospital care to save life of injuries.
简介
道路交通伤害在全球范围内造成了大量的发病率和死亡率，尤其是在埃塞俄比亚等发展中国家。在获得援助之前，医院的院前护理系统差和延迟增加了死亡率。然而，在本研究区域，没有研究确定交通事故的伤害类型、管理和结果以及相关因素。
方法
2015 年 1 月至 12 月，我们在阿达玛医院医学院对因意外受伤而就诊的患者进行了一项基于医院的回顾性横断面研究。数据是从医院就诊的 11120 例受伤患者中，通过系统随机抽样从 556 名患者登记册中检索出来的。数据进行编码、清理并输入到 SPSS 20 进行分析。对与道路交通伤害相关的损伤管理结果相关的因素进行了分析，具有统计学意义的 P 值为 0.05，置信区间为 95%。
结果
在 556 名创伤患者中，304 名（54.7%）是由于道路交通意外，其次是个人暴力（24%）和跌倒事故（10.3%）。大多数患者（74.8%）为男性和城市居民（55%）。软组织损伤是最常见的损伤类型（51%），其次是四肢骨折和脱位（26%）。延迟到医院（超过 24 小时）、损伤严重程度和管理类型是影响与交通事故相关损伤管理结果的因素。大约 90.1%、4.6%和 5.3%的患者分别无明显残疾、永久性残疾和死亡出院。
结论
道路交通伤害是发病率和死亡率的可预防原因。应实施严格的道路安全措施，并使行人和车辆正确使用道路，同时建立和加强早期获得医院和院前护理的机会，以拯救伤者的生命。
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