Zhao Ting, Feng Hui-Ming, Caicike Bayier, Zhu Yan-Ping
Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
Front Pediatr. 2021 Apr 30;9:643387. doi: 10.3389/fped.2021.643387. eCollection 2021.
This study aims to explore the occurrence of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) in preterm infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks, at discharge, and the factors influencing the occurrence of EUGR. A retrospective analysis of 691 preterm infants with a gestational age of less than 34 weeks, born in our hospital over the past 3 years. At discharge, the growth indicators head circumference, weight, and length were used to divide the infants into an EUGR group ( = 255) and the non-EUGR group ( = 436). The occurrence of EUGR and its influencing factors were then analyzed. Of the 691 preterm infants evaluated for inclusion in the study, 255 cases (36.9%) met the requirements of EUGR at discharge. The different growth indicators used, i.e., weight, length, and head circumference, classified the infants differently. The incidence of EUGR using these measures was 30.2% (209), 27.9% (193), and 23.2% (161), respectively. The results of a univariate analysis showed that gestational age, birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), maternal gestational hypertension, age at which the infant commenced feeding, duration of the application of an invasive ventilator, length of hospital stay, nosocomial infection, respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases, symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus, and the early onset of neonatal sepsis were correlated with the occurrence of EUGR. Further logistic multivariate regression analysis revealed that low gestational age, low birth weight, complicated IUGR, respiratory distress syndrome, and necrotizing enterocolitis were independent risk factors for EUGR in preterm infants with a gestational age <34 weeks. In preterm infants with a gestational age <34 weeks in our hospital, there is a high incidence of EUGR, which is affected by factors such as the gestational age, birth weight, IUGR, respiratory distress syndrome, necrotizing enterocolitis, and other factors.
本研究旨在探讨孕周<34周的早产儿出院时宫外生长迟缓（EUGR）的发生情况以及影响EUGR发生的因素。对我院过去3年出生的691例孕周小于34周的早产儿进行回顾性分析。出院时，采用头围、体重和身长等生长指标将婴儿分为EUGR组（n = 255）和非EUGR组（n = 436）。然后分析EUGR的发生情况及其影响因素。在评估纳入本研究的691例早产儿中，255例（36.9%）在出院时符合EUGR的标准。所使用的不同生长指标，即体重、身长和头围，对婴儿的分类不同。采用这些指标时EUGR的发生率分别为30.2%（209例）、27.9%（193例）和23.2%（161例）。单因素分析结果显示，孕周、出生体重、宫内生长迟缓（IUGR）、母亲妊娠期高血压、婴儿开始喂养的年龄、有创呼吸机使用时间、住院时间、医院感染、呼吸和胃肠道疾病、症状性动脉导管未闭以及新生儿败血症的早发与EUGR的发生相关。进一步的logistic多因素回归分析显示，低孕周、低出生体重、复杂IUGR、呼吸窘迫综合征和坏死性小肠结肠炎是孕周<34周早产儿EUGR的独立危险因素。在我院孕周<34周的早产儿中，EUGR发生率较高，受孕周、出生体重、IUGR、呼吸窘迫综合征、坏死性小肠结肠炎等因素影响。
