Shin Yee Jin, Kim Sun Mi, Hong Ji Sun, Han Doug Hyun
Department of Psychiatry, Yeonsei University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
Department of Psychiatry, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
Front Public Health. 2021 Apr 28;9:586389. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.586389. eCollection 2021.
Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) is characterized by the typical symptoms of PTSD, in addition to affective dysregulation, negative self-concept, and disturbances in interpersonal relationships. Children and adolescents with C-PTSD have been reported to have deficits in emotional and cognitive functions. We hypothesized that the following are associated with the severity of C-PTSD symptoms: (1) adolescents with C-PTSD who show deficits in emotional perception and cognitive functions, including executive function and attention; and (2) deficits in neurocognitive functions. Information on 69 adolescents with PTSD, aged 10-19 years, was gathered from seven shelters. All participants were assessed using complete clinical scales, including the C-PTSD Interview and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales, and neurocognitive function tests, including the emotional perception, mental rotation, and modified Tower of London tests. Adolescents with C-PTSD were more likely to have a history of sexual assault, dissociation, and self-harm than those with PTSD. The total and subscale scores of the C-PTSD Interview Scale in adolescents with C-PTSD were higher than that in adolescents with PTSD. In addition, neurocognitive functions, including emotional perception, attention, and working memory, were correlated with the severity of C-PTSD symptoms. Adolescents with C-PTSD experienced more serious clinical symptoms and showed more deficits in neurocognitive functions than adolescents with PTSD. Clinicians should pay careful attention toward the emotional and neurocognitive functions when assessing and treating patients with C-PTSD.
复杂性创伤后应激障碍（C-PTSD）的特征是具有创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的典型症状，此外还伴有情感失调、消极的自我概念和人际关系紊乱。据报道，患有C-PTSD的儿童和青少年在情绪和认知功能方面存在缺陷。我们假设以下因素与C-PTSD症状的严重程度相关：（1）患有C-PTSD的青少年在情绪感知和认知功能方面存在缺陷，包括执行功能和注意力；（2）神经认知功能缺陷。从七个收容所收集了69名年龄在10至19岁之间患有PTSD的青少年的信息。所有参与者都使用了完整的临床量表进行评估，包括C-PTSD访谈量表和抑郁、焦虑及压力量表，以及神经认知功能测试，包括情绪感知、心理旋转和改良伦敦塔测试。与患有PTSD的青少年相比，患有C-PTSD的青少年更有可能有性侵犯、解离和自我伤害的病史。患有C-PTSD的青少年的C-PTSD访谈量表总分及各子量表得分高于患有PTSD的青少年。此外，包括情绪感知、注意力和工作记忆在内的神经认知功能与C-PTSD症状的严重程度相关。与患有PTSD的青少年相比，患有C-PTSD的青少年经历了更严重的临床症状，并且在神经认知功能方面表现出更多缺陷。临床医生在评估和治疗患有C-PTSD的患者时应仔细关注其情绪和神经认知功能。
