Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Albacete, Albacete, Spain.
Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Insular, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain.
Rev Clin Esp (Barc). 2021 Jan;221(1):9-17. doi: 10.1016/j.rceng.2020.06.006. Epub 2021 Jan 7.
Osteoporosis is considered a generalised skeletal disorder in which there is impaired bone resistance, which predisposes the individual to a greater risk of fracture. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to collect and present data on the main clinical characteristics of patients who consult medical internists in Spain. Understanding these characteristics can help in implementing action plans to improve these patients' care more effectively and efficiently.
Through an analysis of the Osteoporosis in Internal Medicine (OSTEOMED) registry, this study presents the main clinical characteristics of patients with osteoporosis who attended internal medicine consultations in 23 Spanish hospital centres between 2012 and 2017. We analysed the reasons for the consultations, the densitometric values, the presence of comorbidities, the prescribed treatment and other lifestyle-related factors.
In total, 2024 patients with osteoporosis were assessed (89.87% women, 10.13% men). The patients' mean age was 64.1±12.1 years (women, 64.7±11.5 years; men, 61.2±14.2 years). There was no significant difference between the sexes in their history of recent falls (9.1% and 6.7%); however, there were significant differences in the daily intake of calcium from milk products (553.8±332.6mg for women vs. 450.2±303.3mg for men; p<.001) and in the secondary causes of osteoporosis (13% of men vs. 6.5% of women; p<.001). In the sample, there were 404 fractures (20%), with a notable number of confirmed vertebral fractures (17.2%, 35.6% in men vs. 15.2% in women; p<.001). A large portion of the patients did not undergo the indicated treatment and presented low levels of physical activity and sun exposure. A significant percentage of the patients presented associated comorbidities, the most common of which were hypertension (32%) and dyslipidaemia (28%).
These results define the profile of patients with osteoporosis who attend internal medicine consultations in Spain. The results also show the multisystemic character of this condition, which, along with its high prevalence, determine that the specific internal medicine consultations dedicated to managing the condition are the appropriate place for caring for these patients.
骨质疏松症被认为是一种全身性骨骼疾病，其特征是骨抵抗能力受损，使个体更容易发生骨折。本横断面研究的目的是收集和呈现 2012 年至 2017 年间在西班牙 23 家医院内科就诊的骨质疏松症患者的主要临床特征数据。了解这些特征有助于制定行动计划，更有效地改善这些患者的护理。
通过对骨质疏松症内科（OSTEOMED）登记处的分析，本研究介绍了 2012 年至 2017 年间在西班牙 23 家医院内科就诊的骨质疏松症患者的主要临床特征。我们分析了就诊原因、骨密度值、合并症的存在、处方治疗和其他与生活方式相关的因素。
共评估了 2024 例骨质疏松症患者（89.87%为女性，10.13%为男性）。患者的平均年龄为 64.1±12.1 岁（女性为 64.7±11.5 岁，男性为 61.2±14.2 岁）。在近期跌倒史（9.1%和 6.7%）方面，男女之间无显著差异；然而，女性和男性的每日乳制品钙摄入量（553.8±332.6mg 与 450.2±303.3mg；p<.001）和骨质疏松症的次要病因（13%的男性与 6.5%的女性；p<.001）存在显著差异。在样本中，有 404 例骨折（20%），其中明显的椎体骨折数量较多（17.2%，男性 35.6%，女性 15.2%；p<.001）。大部分患者未接受推荐的治疗，且体力活动和阳光暴露水平较低。相当一部分患者存在合并症，其中最常见的是高血压（32%）和血脂异常（28%）。
这些结果定义了在西班牙内科就诊的骨质疏松症患者的特征。结果还显示了这种疾病的多系统特征，加上其高患病率，确定专门用于管理该疾病的特定内科就诊是照顾这些患者的合适场所。
