Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(27):7561-7575. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1915743. Epub 2021 May 17.
Although a large body of literature reported the beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3 FAs) consumption on adipokines levels, but recent findings from clinical trials are not univocal. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of omega-3 FAs supplements on adipokines.
We searched Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception to August 2020 without any particular language limitations. Outcomes were summarized as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) estimated from Hedge's g and random effects modeling.
Fifty-two trials involving 4,568 participants were included. Omega-3 FAs intake was associated with a significant increase in plasma adiponectin levels ( = 43; 3,434 participants; SMD: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.37; = 0.01; = 80.14%). This meta-analysis indicates that supplementing participants with omega-3 fatty acids more than 2000 mg daily and more than 10 weeks resulted in a significant and more favorable improvement in plasma adiponectin levels. However, omega-3 FAs intake had no significant effect on leptin levels (SMD: -0.02, 95% CI: -0.20, 0.17, = 54.13%).
The evidence supports a beneficial effect of omega-3 FAs intake on serum adiponectin levels but does not appear to impact on leptin concentrations. Larger well-designed RCTs are still required to evaluate the effect of omega-3 FAs on leptin in specific diseases.
尽管大量文献报道了ω-3 脂肪酸（ω-3 FAs）的摄入对脂联素水平有益，但最近临床试验的结果并不一致。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在评估ω-3 FAs 补充剂对脂联素的影响。
我们检索了 Medline、Web of Science、Scopus、Embase 和 Cochrane Library，检索时间从建库至 2020 年 8 月，没有任何特定的语言限制。结果总结为标准化均数差（SMD），使用 Hedge's g 和随机效应模型估计 95%置信区间（CI）。
共纳入 52 项试验，涉及 4568 名参与者。ω-3 FAs 的摄入与血浆脂联素水平的显著升高相关（ = 43；3434 名参与者；SMD：0.21，95%CI：0.04，0.37； = 0.01； = 80.14%）。荟萃分析表明，每天补充超过 2000 mg 和超过 10 周的 ω-3 脂肪酸可显著改善血浆脂联素水平。然而，ω-3 FAs 的摄入对瘦素水平没有显著影响（SMD：-0.02，95%CI：-0.20，0.17， = 54.13%）。
现有证据支持 ω-3 FAs 摄入对血清脂联素水平有益，但似乎对瘦素浓度没有影响。仍需要更大规模、设计良好的 RCT 来评估 ω-3 FAs 对特定疾病中瘦素的影响。
