Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Cytokine. 2020 Dec;136:155298. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155298. Epub 2020 Sep 22.
High concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and inflammatory markers are common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and are associated with non-HIV related comorbidity and mortality. Data on the benefits of omega-3 fatty acid (omega-3 FA) supplementation for improving inflammation status in HIV-infected patients are controversial. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the beneficial effects of omega-3 FAs on controlling inflammation in HIV-infected patients. We conducted a comprehensive search of the major biomedical databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane library, for all potentially relevant studies published without restriction from the beginning of time to June 2020. Overall, nine RCTs were included comprising a total of 427 participants. A random-effects model was used to calculate 95% confidence intervals (CI) and the effect was measured as standardized mean difference (SMD). Supplementation of omega-3 FAs showed a significant reduction of CRP (SMD: -0.27, 95% CI: -0.48 to -0.07, P = 0.007). There was no significant difference in levels of TNF-α (SMD: 0.03, 95% CI: -0.79 to 0.85, P = 0.94, I = 87%) and IL-6 (SMD: -0.13, 95% CI: -0.59 to 0.32, P = 0.57, I = 73%, Fig. 3). The results indicate that the supplementation of omega-3 FAs in HIV-infected patients significantly decreases serum CRP levels when compared to the control group, however has no significant effect on IL-6 and TNF-α levels.
高浓度的 C 反应蛋白（CRP）和炎症标志物在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染患者中很常见，并且与非 HIV 相关的合并症和死亡率有关。关于ω-3 脂肪酸（ω-3 FA）补充剂改善 HIV 感染患者炎症状态的益处的数据存在争议。因此，我们对ω-3 FA 对控制 HIV 感染患者炎症的有益作用进行了系统评价和荟萃分析。我们全面检索了主要的生物医学数据库，包括 PubMed、EMBASE、Scopus、Web of Science 和 Cochrane 图书馆，检索了从无时间限制开始到 2020 年 6 月发表的所有潜在相关研究。总体而言，共纳入了 9 项 RCT，共纳入了 427 名参与者。使用随机效应模型计算了 95%置信区间（CI），效应的测量值为标准化均数差（SMD）。ω-3 FA 的补充显示 CRP 显著降低（SMD：-0.27，95%CI：-0.48 至-0.07，P=0.007）。TNF-α 的水平没有显著差异（SMD：0.03，95%CI：-0.79 至 0.85，P=0.94，I=87%）和 IL-6（SMD：-0.13，95%CI：-0.59 至 0.32，P=0.57，I=73%，图 3）。结果表明，与对照组相比，HIV 感染患者补充ω-3 FA 可显著降低血清 CRP 水平，但对 IL-6 和 TNF-α 水平没有显著影响。
