Shanghai Mental Health Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
BMC Psychiatry. 2021 Dec 1;21(1):600. doi: 10.1186/s12888-021-03606-3.
People who experience traumatic events have an increased risk of developing a range of mental disorders. Appropriate early support from people in a person's social network may help to prevent the onset of a mental disorder or minimize its severity. Mental health first aid guidelines for assisting people who have experienced traumatic events have been developed for high-income English-speaking countries. However, they may not be appropriate for use in China due to cultural and health care system differences. The aim of this study was to develop culturally appropriate guidelines for people providing mental health first aid to people affected by traumatic events in China.
A Delphi expert consensus study was conducted with two panels of experts in mainland China. Experts recruited to the panels included 32 professionals with expertise in the treatment of people affected by traumatic events and 31 people with lived experience of trauma or their carers. Panel members were sent a Chinese translation of the questionnaire used for developing English-language mental health first aid guidelines. This contained 168 items describing how to help people experiencing a potentially traumatic event. Panelists were asked to rate the importance of each statement for inclusion in the Chinese guidelines. They were also encouraged to suggest any additional statements that were not included in the original questionnaire. Statements were accepted for inclusion in the adapted guidelines if they were endorsed by at least 80% of each panel as very important or important.
Consensus was achieved after three survey rounds on 134 statements for inclusion in the adapted guidelines for China, with 127 adopted from the guidelines for English-speaking countries and 7 new items from the comments of panelists.
While many of the statements are similar to the guidelines for English-speaking countries, the panelists adapted the guidelines to China's context, including more detailed actions on how to discuss trauma and to help the person. These guidelines will be used to form the basis of a Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) training course for China, aimed at educating the public in providing support and advice to a person who is experiencing a potentially traumatic event. Further research is needed to investigate the use of the guidelines by the Chinese public and the implementation of MHFA training in appropriate settings in China.
经历创伤性事件的人患一系列精神障碍的风险增加。来自人际关系网络中人们的适当早期支持可能有助于预防精神障碍的发生或减轻其严重程度。针对经历创伤性事件的人提供心理健康急救的指南已经为高收入英语国家制定。然而，由于文化和医疗保健系统的差异，这些指南可能并不适合在中国使用。本研究的目的是为在中国提供创伤后心理健康急救的人制定文化上适当的指南。
采用德尔菲专家共识研究，在中国内地进行了两个专家组的研究。专家组成员包括 32 名在治疗受创伤影响的人方面具有专业知识的专业人员和 31 名经历过创伤或其照顾者的创伤幸存者。向小组成员发送了一份中文版的问卷，用于制定英语心理健康急救指南。该问卷包含 168 项描述如何帮助经历潜在创伤事件的人的内容。小组成员被要求对纳入中文版指南的每个陈述的重要性进行评分。他们还被鼓励提出原始问卷中未包含的任何其他陈述。如果每个小组至少有 80%的成员认为某项陈述非常重要或重要，则该陈述被接受纳入改编后的指南。
经过三轮调查，就纳入中国改编指南的 134 项陈述达成共识，其中 127 项取自英语国家的指南，7 项取自小组成员的评论。
虽然许多陈述与英语国家的指南相似，但小组成员根据中国的情况对指南进行了改编，包括如何讨论创伤和帮助当事人的更详细的行动。这些指南将作为中国心理健康急救（MHFA）培训课程的基础，旨在教育公众在经历潜在创伤事件时提供支持和建议。需要进一步研究中国公众对这些指南的使用情况，以及在中国适当环境中实施 MHFA 培训的情况。
