Departments of Internal Medicine, and Food and Human Nutritional Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Departments of Internal Medicine, and Food and Human Nutritional Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
J Nutr Biochem. 2023 Jan;111:109201. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109201. Epub 2022 Nov 1.
Previous studies demonstrated that oral administration of Saskatoon berry powder (SBp) reduced fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin resistance, lipids, and inflammatory markers in diet-induced insulin resistant rodents. Mechanism for the beneficial effects of SB remains unclear. The present study examined the effects of high fat-high sucrose (HFHS) diet supplemented with or without 5% SBp, cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G, an anthocyanin rich in SBp) at a dosage of C3G in 5% SBp, or equimolar concentration of protocatechuic acid (PCA, a relatively stable metabolite of C3G) for 11 weeks on FPG, cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), circulatory inflammatory markers, fecal microbiota, and short chain fatty acids in mice. HFHS diet significantly enhanced FPG, insulin, HOMA-IR, lipids and inflammatory markers, but reduced the abundance of fecal Bacteroidetes, Muribaculaceae and propionate compared to low fat diet. Supplementation of SBp, C3G or PCA significantly attenuated HFHS diet induced metabolic and inflammatory markers, and increased the abundances of fecal Muribaculaceae and propionate compared to HFHS diet alone. The abundances of fecal Muribaculaceae negatively correlated with FPG, lipids, HOMA-IR and inflammatory markers in the mice. The abundances of fecal propionate positively correlated with fecal Muribaculaceae and negatively correlated with the metabolic and inflammatory markers. The findings suggest that C3G in SBp and PCA contribute to the metabolic and anti-inflammatory effect of SBp in mice. The increases in fecal Muribaculaceae and propionate may play important regulatory roles in the anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory benefits of SBp, C3G, and PCA in mice.
先前的研究表明，口服萨斯卡通莓粉（SBp）可降低饮食诱导的胰岛素抵抗啮齿动物的空腹血糖（FPG）、胰岛素抵抗、血脂和炎症标志物。SB 有益作用的机制尚不清楚。本研究检测了高脂肪高蔗糖（HFHS）饮食补充 5%SBp、矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷（C3G，SBp 中富含的一种花色苷）、与 5%SBp 中的 C3G 剂量相当的原儿茶酸（PCA，C3G 的相对稳定代谢物）或等摩尔浓度的原儿茶酸（PCA，C3G 的相对稳定代谢物）对 11 周小鼠 FPG、胆固醇、甘油三酯、胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）、循环炎症标志物、粪便微生物群和短链脂肪酸的影响。HFHS 饮食显著升高 FPG、胰岛素、HOMA-IR、血脂和炎症标志物，但与低脂饮食相比，降低了粪便拟杆菌门、Muribaculaceae 和丙酸盐的丰度。与 HFHS 饮食相比，SBp、C3G 或 PCA 的补充显著减弱了 HFHS 饮食诱导的代谢和炎症标志物，并增加了粪便 Muribaculaceae 和丙酸盐的丰度。粪便 Muribaculaceae 的丰度与小鼠的 FPG、脂质、HOMA-IR 和炎症标志物呈负相关。粪便丙酸盐的丰度与粪便 Muribaculaceae 呈正相关，与代谢和炎症标志物呈负相关。研究结果表明，SBp 中的 C3G 和 PCA 有助于 SBp 在小鼠中的代谢和抗炎作用。粪便 Muribaculaceae 和丙酸盐的增加可能在 SBp、C3G 和 PCA 对小鼠的抗糖尿病和抗炎作用中发挥重要调节作用。
