Arnold Andrew, Smith Kyle, Molina Aaron, Damarjian Alex, Desatoff Tarah, Arnold Robert
Pacific Northwest University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Yakima, WA, USA.
PDI CHECK, Anchorage, AK, USA.
Clin Optom (Auckl). 2021 May 11;13:137-141. doi: 10.2147/OPTO.S305042. eCollection 2021.
Classification of color deficiency has required substantial time and expense with the static Farnsworth-Munsell and Innova Rabin tests. Therefore, dynamic color tests were developed for the Nintendo 3DS.
Fifteen color deficient patients and 17 age-matched normals performed Rabin color test in addition to PDI Check dynamic color games resembling Farnsworth-Munsell presentation (version 0.2.8) and 3-color iso-luminance gray (version 0.2.13).
Tests of red, green and blue cone-deficient with the v0.2.8 had sensitivity/specificity/PPV of 92%/86%/92% protanopes, 78%/90%/88% deutanopes and 87%/50%/93% tritanopes. Version 0.2.13 had sens/spec/PPV of 78%/83%/78% red-cone, 100%/85%/80% green cone and 67%/78%/33% blue cone. Corresponding IntraClass Correlation (ICC) utilizing v0.2.8 were red-cone 0.22 (-0.02-0.60), green-cone 0.34 (-0.10-0.67) and blue-cone 0.38 (0.12-0.75). ICC for v0.2.13 was higher with protanope 0.62 (-0.07-0.87), deuteranope 0.64 (-0.09-0.88) and tritanope 0.31 (-0.07-0.70). The PDI Check color game took 65 seconds compared to 197 seconds for Innova Rabin.
The PDI Check color game quickly identifies patients with inherited color deficiencies.
使用静态的法恩斯沃思 - 芒塞尔测试和英诺瓦·拉宾测试对色觉缺陷进行分类需要大量时间和费用。因此，为任天堂3DS开发了动态颜色测试。
15名色觉缺陷患者和17名年龄匹配的正常人除了进行类似于法恩斯沃思 - 芒塞尔呈现方式的PDI检查动态颜色游戏（版本0.2.8）和三色等亮度灰色游戏（版本0.2.13）外，还进行了拉宾颜色测试。
对于v0.2.8版本，红色、绿色和蓝色视锥细胞缺陷测试中，红色盲患者的灵敏度/特异性/阳性预测值为92%/86%/92%，绿色盲患者为78%/90%/88%，蓝色盲患者为87%/50%/93%。0.2.13版本中，红色视锥细胞的灵敏度/特异性/阳性预测值为78%/83%/78%，绿色视锥细胞为100%/85%/80%，蓝色视锥细胞为67%/78%/33%。使用v0.2.8版本时相应的组内相关系数（ICC），红色视锥细胞为0.22（-0.02 - 0.60），绿色视锥细胞为0.34（-0.10 - 0.67），蓝色视锥细胞为0.38（0.12 - 0.75）。v0.2.13版本的ICC更高，红色盲患者为0.62（-0.07 - 0.87），绿色盲患者为0.64（-0.09 - 0.88），蓝色盲患者为0.31（-0.07 - 0.70）。PDI检查颜色游戏耗时65秒，而英诺瓦·拉宾测试耗时197秒。
PDI检查颜色游戏能快速识别遗传性色觉缺陷患者。
