Hernández-López Iván, Estradé-Fernández Sahily, Cárdenas-Díaz Taimí, Batista-Leyva Alfo José
Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología "Ramón Pando Ferrer", La Habana 11500, Cuba.
Departamento de Física Atómica y Molecular, Instituto Superior de Tecnologías y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de la Habana, La Habana 10400, Cuba.
J Ophthalmol. 2021 Apr 27;2021:9918763. doi: 10.1155/2021/9918763. eCollection 2021.
The statistical characteristics of biometry and refractive error in a large sample of cataractous Cuban patients are presented, comparing between sexes and age groups. All patients were studied at the Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology "Ramón Pando Ferrer," La Habana. The sample consists of 28252 eyes of 25068 patients, subjected to cataract surgery during the time period between 2006 and 2019. Their biometry was obtained using IOL Master devices; also, visual acuity, refraction, and corneal power were registered. After surgery, the visual acuity and refraction were measured. The refractive prediction error was determined. For patients with both eyes registered, anisometropia was also calculated. Age and sex were used to segment the data. The preoperative biometric parameters show highly significant differences between sexes, with male eyes being longer and with a deeper anterior chamber but with a thinner lens. Also, keratometry shows highly significant differences, with female eyes being steeper than male. Before surgery, both sexes have myopic eyes as average, with males being more myopic than females ( < 0.001). After surgery, the average spherical equivalent is -0.36 D and female eyes are more myopic than males ( < 0.001). Visual acuity with and without distance correction has a significant increase after surgery. These results are of importance not only for Cuba but also for other countries with a large Cuban population and/or similar ethnic composition, such as the USA (particularly the south of Florida), Spain, and many countries in Latin America.
本文呈现了古巴大量白内障患者样本的生物测量学和屈光不正的统计特征，并对不同性别和年龄组进行了比较。所有患者均在古巴哈瓦那的“拉蒙·潘多·费雷尔”眼科研究所接受研究。该样本包括2006年至2019年期间接受白内障手术的25068名患者的28252只眼睛。使用IOL Master设备获取他们的生物测量数据；同时，记录视力、屈光和角膜屈光力。术后测量视力和屈光。确定屈光预测误差。对于双眼均有记录的患者，还计算了屈光参差。使用年龄和性别对数据进行分组。术前生物测量参数显示性别之间存在高度显著差异，男性眼睛更长，前房更深，但晶状体更薄。此外，角膜曲率测量显示出高度显著差异，女性眼睛比男性眼睛更陡峭。手术前，两性平均都有近视，男性比女性近视程度更高（<0.001）。手术后，平均球镜等效度数为-0.36D，女性眼睛比男性眼睛近视程度更高（<0.001）。手术后视远和视近矫正视力均有显著提高。这些结果不仅对古巴重要，对其他有大量古巴人口和/或类似种族构成的国家也很重要，如美国（特别是佛罗里达州南部）、西班牙和许多拉丁美洲国家。
