Figueiredo G G, Coronel O A, Trabuco A C, Bazán D E, Russo R R, Alvarenga N L, Aquino V H
Laboratório de Virologia, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.
Department of Phytochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, National University of Asuncion, San Lorenzo, Paraguay.
Braz J Med Biol Res. 2021 May 17;54(7):e10240. doi: 10.1590/1414-431X2020e10240. eCollection 2021.
Dengue is the most important arthropod-borne viral disease worldwide. Infection with any of the four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes can be asymptomatic or lead to disease with clinical symptoms ranging from undifferentiated and self-limiting fever to severe dengue disease, which can be fatal in some cases. Currently, no specific antiviral compound is available for treating DENV. The aim of this study was to identify compounds in plants from Paraguayan folk medicine with inhibitory effects against DENV. We found high virucidal activity (50% maximal effective concentration (EC50) value of 24.97 µg/mL) against DENV-2 in the ethanolic extract of the roots of Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam. (Solanaceae) without an evident cytotoxic effect on Vero E6 cells. Three saponins isolated from the root extract showed virucidal effects (EC50 values ranging from 24.9 to 35.1 µg/mL) against DENV-2. Additionally, the saponins showed inhibitory activity against yellow fever virus (EC50 values ranging from 126 to 302.6 µg/mL), the prototype virus of the Flavivirus genus, suggesting that they may also be effective against other members of this genus. Consequently, these saponins may be lead compounds for the development of antiviral agents.
登革热是全球最重要的节肢动物传播病毒性疾病。感染四种登革病毒（DENV）血清型中的任何一种都可能无症状，或导致疾病，其临床症状从未分化的自限性发热到严重登革热疾病不等，在某些情况下可能致命。目前，尚无特异性抗病毒化合物可用于治疗登革病毒。本研究的目的是从巴拉圭民间药用植物中鉴定出对登革病毒有抑制作用的化合物。我们发现，刺天茄（茄科）根的乙醇提取物对登革病毒2具有高杀病毒活性（50%最大有效浓度（EC50）值为24.97μg/mL），且对Vero E6细胞无明显细胞毒性作用。从根提取物中分离出的三种皂苷对登革病毒2显示出杀病毒作用（EC50值范围为24.9至35.1μg/mL）。此外，这些皂苷对黄热病毒（EC50值范围为126至302.6μg/mL）显示出抑制活性，黄热病毒是黄病毒属的原型病毒，表明它们可能对该属的其他成员也有效。因此，这些皂苷可能是开发抗病毒药物的先导化合物。
