儿童晚期认知共情和情感共情与内化症状的关系。
Associations between cognitive and affective empathy and internalizing symptoms in late childhood.
机构信息
Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre (MNC), Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
出版信息
J Affect Disord. 2021 Jul 1;290:245-253. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.04.034. Epub 2021 Apr 25.
BACKGROUND
Empathy is a multidimensional construct, which includes cognitive and affective components. Studies in adults have demonstrated that both cognitive and affective empathy are associated with anxious and depressive symptoms. The aim of this study was to examine these associations in childhood.
METHODS
Participants were 127 9- and 10-year-old children, recruited from the community. Self-report measures of cognitive and affective empathy, and internalizing symptoms were administered, as well as a task-based measure of cognitive empathy.
RESULTS
Canonical correlation analysis demonstrated that components of affective empathy, specifically affective sharing and empathic distress, were associated with internalizing (particularly social anxiety) symptoms (R = 0.63, non-parametric p < .001). Cognitive empathy was not associated with internalizing symptoms.
LIMITATIONS
Most of our findings were based around self-report measures of empathy, which may not accurately reflect empathy ability.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings suggests that children who share each other's emotions strongly are more likely to experience anxiety, particularly of a social nature.
背景
同理心是一个多维度的概念，包括认知和情感成分。成人研究表明，认知同理心和情感同理心都与焦虑和抑郁症状有关。本研究旨在探讨儿童时期的这些关联。
方法
参与者是从社区招募的 127 名 9 至 10 岁的儿童。他们接受了认知和情感同理心的自我报告测量，以及认知同理心的基于任务的测量，同时还评估了他们的内化症状。
结果
典型相关分析表明，情感同理心的组成部分，特别是情感分享和同理心痛苦，与内化（特别是社交焦虑）症状相关（R=0.63，非参数 p<0.001）。认知同理心与内化症状无关。
局限性
我们的大多数发现都基于同理心的自我报告测量，这可能无法准确反映同理心能力。
结论
研究结果表明，强烈分享彼此情绪的儿童更有可能经历焦虑，尤其是社交性质的焦虑。
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