University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center for Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Sleep. 2021 Oct 11;44(10). doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsab129.
We examined (1) differences in overnight affective inertia (carry-over of evening affect to the next morning) for positive (PA) and negative affect (NA) between individuals with past, current, and no depression; (2) how sleep duration and quality influence overnight affective inertia in these groups, and (3) whether overnight affective inertia predicts depression development.
We used data of 579 women from the East-Flanders Prospective Twin Survey. For aim 1 and 2, individuals with past (n = 82), current (n = 26), and without (lifetime) depression (n = 471) at baseline were examined. For aim 3, we examined individuals who did (n = 58) and did not (n = 319) develop a depressive episode at 12-month follow-up. Momentary PA and NA were assessed 10 times a day for 5 days. Sleep was assessed daily with sleep diaries. Affective inertia was operationalized as the influence of evening affect on morning affect. Linear mixed-effect models were used to test the hypotheses.
Overnight affective inertia for NA was significantly larger in the current compared to the non-depressed group, and daytime NA inertia was larger in the past compared to the non-depressed group. Overnight NA inertia was differently associated with shorter sleep duration in both depression groups and with lower sleep quality in the current compared to the non-depressed group. Overnight affective inertia did not predict depression development at 12-month follow-up.
Current findings demonstrate the importance of studying complex affect dynamics such as overnight affective inertia in relation to depression and sleep characteristics. Replication of these findings, preferably with longer time-series, is needed.
我们检验了（1）过去、现在和无抑郁个体在正性情绪（PA）和负性情绪（NA）的夜间情绪惯性（傍晚情绪对次日清晨的延续）方面的差异；（2）在这些组中，睡眠持续时间和质量如何影响夜间情绪惯性；（3）夜间情绪惯性是否预测抑郁的发展。
我们使用东佛兰德前瞻性双胞胎研究的数据，其中包括 579 名女性。对于目的 1 和 2，在基线时，对过去（n = 82）、现在（n = 26）和无抑郁（lifetime）（n = 471）的个体进行了研究。对于目的 3，我们检查了在 12 个月随访时发生（n = 58）和未发生（n = 319）抑郁发作的个体。使用每日睡眠日记评估睡眠。使用每日睡眠日记评估睡眠。每日评估 10 次，共 5 天。情绪惯性被定义为傍晚情绪对次日清晨情绪的影响。采用线性混合效应模型检验假设。
与非抑郁组相比，当前组的夜间 NA 惯性显著更大，而过去组的日间 NA 惯性更大。夜间 NA 惯性与两组抑郁患者的睡眠持续时间较短以及当前组的睡眠质量较低有关。夜间情绪惯性并不能预测 12 个月随访时的抑郁发展。
目前的研究结果表明，在与抑郁和睡眠特征相关的研究中，研究复杂的情绪动态，如夜间情绪惯性，具有重要意义。需要进行复制研究，最好使用更长的时间序列。
