Martín Prieto Sergio, Alvarez Peregrina Cristina, Thuissard Vasallo Israel, Catalina Romero Carlos, Calvo Bonacho Eva, Villa Collar César, Sánchez Tena Miguel Ángel
Escuela de Biomedicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Ibermutua (Mutua colaboradora con la seguridad social nº 274), Madrid, Spain.
Arch Prev Riesgos Labor. 2021 Apr 15;24(2):17-29. doi: 10.12961/aprl.2021.24.02.03.
To analyze the differences in work-related eye injury trends among the different Autonomous Communities in Spain.
This was a descriptive, retrospective and longitudinal study based on a Social Security-affiliated mutual insurance company work injury and illness database for the period 2008-2018 that included all Spanish Autonomous Communities. Accidents that caused an injury to any ocular structure were analysed, and both the incidence of work-related eye-injuries per 100 000 insured workers and the relative risk of suffering an eye injury were compared.
We observed a general decrease in work-related eye injuries in all of the communities, although with two distinct time periods. The annual percentage change decrease occurred in all communities until 2013. From 2013 to 2018, however, this decreasing trend was only observed in Asturias, Castilla-La Mancha, Canary Islands, Madrid, Murcia and Navarra. Castilla-La Mancha was the Autonomous Community with the highest incidence (886.56/100.000), as well as the highest relative risk of suffering an eye injury (RR 2.66; IC 95% 2.58 - 2.75). At the other end, the lowest incidence (82.25/100.000) and RR (RR 0.247; IC 95 % 0.22 - 0.28) were observed in Catalonia.
We observed a statistically significance decrease in the incidence and relative risk of work-related eye injuries in all Autonomous Communities over the study period, although this trend changed from 2013 onward.
分析西班牙不同自治区工作相关眼部损伤趋势的差异。
这是一项描述性、回顾性和纵向研究，基于2008 - 2018年一家隶属于社会保障的互助保险公司的工伤和疾病数据库，该数据库涵盖了西班牙所有自治区。分析了导致任何眼部结构受伤的事故，并比较了每10万名参保工人中与工作相关眼部损伤的发病率以及眼部受伤的相对风险。
我们观察到所有社区与工作相关的眼部损伤总体呈下降趋势，尽管存在两个不同的时间段。在2013年之前，所有社区的年百分比变化均呈下降趋势。然而，从2013年到2018年，这种下降趋势仅在阿斯图里亚斯、卡斯蒂利亚 - 拉曼恰、加那利群岛、马德里、穆尔西亚和纳瓦拉观察到。卡斯蒂利亚 - 拉曼恰是发病率最高的自治区（886.56/100,000），也是眼部受伤相对风险最高的地区（RR 2.66；95%置信区间2.58 - 2.75）。另一方面，加泰罗尼亚的发病率最低（82.25/100,000），相对风险也最低（RR 0.247；95%置信区间0.22 - 0.28）。
在研究期间，我们观察到所有自治区与工作相关眼部损伤的发病率和相对风险在统计学上有显著下降，尽管这一趋势从2013年起发生了变化。
