Department of Health Services & Information Management, East Carolina University, 4340E Health Sciences Building, MS 668, Greenville, NC, United States.
Brazilian Fluency Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
J Commun Disord. 2021 May-Jun;91:106106. doi: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2021.106106. Epub 2021 May 7.
Evidence of a linkage between neurodevelopmental stuttering and sleep difficulties has been suggested in studies involving children and adolescents. To further examine the relationship between stuttering and sleep, the current study explored both hours of sleep and insomnia in a longitudinal sample of adolescents and young adults living with stuttering.
The data for this study came from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), a nationally representative survey study following 13,564 US respondents over the course of 20 years. In each of the five survey waves, respondents noted their average hours of sleep. In addition, Wave IV, respondents indicated whether they suffered from insomnia (i.e., difficulty falling or staying asleep). Respondents who indicated stuttering at ages 18-26 (Wave III) and 24-32 (Wave IV) are considered as those with persistent stuttering-the focus of this analysis. Regression analysis assessed the association between stuttering, hours of sleep and insomnia controlling for sex, age, race, education and other demographic characteristics.
The sample included 261 participants (1.7% of total respondents) who identified themselves as people who stutter, comprised of 169 males and 92 females. Compared to their fluent counterparts, individuals who stutter reported to sleep, on average, 20 min less per night. Additionally, 15% of those who stutter reported difficulties falling or staying asleep almost every day or every day, which is twice as likely as controls. Results were robust to demographic characteristics and co-occurring conditions.
Speech-language pathologists should be aware of the association between stuttering and insomnia, as well as the lower average hours of sleep among adolescents and young adults who stutter. The possibility that lower sleep duration and insomnia may affect stuttering daily variability and impair improvement from stuttering are discussed.
研究表明，儿童和青少年的研究中存在神经发育性口吃和睡眠困难之间的联系。为了进一步研究口吃和睡眠之间的关系，本研究在患有口吃的青少年和年轻成年人的纵向样本中探索了睡眠时间和失眠。
本研究的数据来自全国青少年至成人健康纵向研究（Add Health），这是一项对 13564 名美国受访者进行 20 年跟踪调查的全国代表性调查研究。在五次调查波中，受访者都记录了他们的平均睡眠时间。此外，在第四波中，受访者表示他们是否患有失眠症（即入睡或保持睡眠困难）。在 18-26 岁（第三波）和 24-32 岁（第四波）时表示口吃的受访者被视为持续性口吃者，这是本分析的重点。回归分析评估了口吃、睡眠时间和失眠之间的关联，控制了性别、年龄、种族、教育和其他人口统计学特征。
该样本包括 261 名参与者（占总受访者的 1.7%），他们认为自己是口吃者，其中包括 169 名男性和 92 名女性。与他们流畅的同龄人相比，口吃者每晚平均睡眠减少 20 分钟。此外，15%的口吃者几乎每天或每天都报告入睡或保持睡眠困难，这是对照组的两倍。结果在人口统计学特征和并发情况方面是稳健的。
言语语言病理学家应该意识到口吃和失眠之间的联系，以及口吃的青少年和年轻成年人的平均睡眠时间较短。讨论了睡眠时间较短和失眠可能影响口吃日常变化并损害口吃改善的可能性。
