考虑周到的移动医疗（mHealth）设计对患有老年痴呆症和相关痴呆症（ADRD）的老年人：可用性障碍和设计建议的范围综述。

Considerate mHealth design for older adults with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD): A scoping review on usability barriers and design suggestions.

机构信息

Center for Human Factors Engineering of Health Information Technology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Informatics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

出版信息

Int J Med Inform. 2021 Aug;152:104494. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2021.104494. Epub 2021 May 12.

DOI:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2021.104494

PMID:34015657

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The number of older adults with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) is increasing worldwide. This offers ample opportunities for mobile health (mHealth) apps, for example to support them in performing daily activities or monitoring their health status. However, how to design these apps taking into consideration ADRD related barriers remains a challenge.

OBJECTIVE

To provide a synthesis of mHealth usability barriers of older adults with ADRD and design suggestions to enhance user-friendliness of mHealth apps.

METHODS

We performed a scoping review of mHealth studies focused on older adults with ADRD and: (1) usability barriers experienced, and/or (2) implementation or design suggestions. PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were searched. Clinical and grey literature on ADRD diminishments was explored to identify potential barriers to using mHealth. Detected usability barriers caused by ADRD impairments were mapped onto the MOLD-US framework through validation, calibration, and adaption. MOLD-US was initially developed to provide an overview of barriers influencing mHealth usability for the general aging population.

RESULTS

Title and abstract of 792 unique citations were scanned of which 69 were included for full text review. Fifteen studies matched inclusion criteria. In total 42 barriers were identified to influence mobile health use for older adults with ADRD. Twenty design suggestions were extracted from the studies.

CONCLUSIONS

The identified usability barriers were classified in five categories: cognition, perception, physical ability, frame of mind, and speech- and language. In addition, the design suggestions were categorized as evidence- or expert-based. Evidence-based design suggestions include showing limited information, repeating instructions multiple times and breaking instructions into simple steps given one at a time. This research provides a first step for further collaboration between ADRD experts and designers to support the development of effective mHealth apps with high user-friendliness.

摘要

背景

全球范围内，阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症（ADRD）患者的数量不断增加。这为移动健康（mHealth）应用提供了充足的机会，例如，帮助他们进行日常活动或监测健康状况。然而，如何考虑到与 ADRD 相关的障碍来设计这些应用程序仍然是一个挑战。

目的

总结患有 ADRD 的老年人使用 mHealth 的可用性障碍，并提出增强 mHealth 应用程序用户友好性的设计建议。

方法

我们对专注于患有 ADRD 的老年人的 mHealth 研究进行了范围综述，这些研究包括：（1）患者经历的可用性障碍，和/或（2）实施或设计建议。我们检索了 PubMed、Medline、EMBASE、PsycINFO 和 Web of Science 数据库。此外，还探索了关于 ADRD 衰退的临床和灰色文献，以确定使用 mHealth 的潜在障碍。通过验证、校准和改编，将由 ADRD 损伤引起的检测到的可用性障碍映射到 MOLD-US 框架上。MOLD-US 最初是为了提供一个总体框架，以了解影响一般老龄化人口使用 mHealth 的障碍。

结果

扫描了 792 篇独特引文的标题和摘要，其中有 69 篇被纳入全文审查。15 项研究符合纳入标准。总共确定了 42 个影响患有 ADRD 的老年人使用移动健康的障碍。从这些研究中提取了 20 条设计建议。

结论

识别出的可用性障碍分为五类：认知、感知、身体能力、心态和言语及语言。此外，设计建议分为基于证据或专家的建议。基于证据的设计建议包括显示有限的信息、多次重复说明以及将说明分解为简单的步骤并一次显示一个步骤。这项研究为 ADRD 专家和设计师之间的进一步合作提供了一个初步步骤，以支持开发具有高度用户友好性的有效 mHealth 应用程序。