Mukherjee Ananya, Naskar Somnath, Banerjee Niladri, Mandal Sutapa, Das Dilip K
Department of Community Medicine, Burdwan Medical College, West Bengal, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2021 Jan;10(1):361-366. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1576_20. Epub 2021 Jan 30.
Monitoring adequacy of salt iodization at consumption level and exploring the reasons for inadequacy, especially in marginalized communities, is crucial to achieve the target coverage of universal salt iodization.
To assess the iodine content of salt used at household level, related awareness and practice of respondents and their socio demographic correlates.
This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the slums of Burdwan Municipality in 2019.
A total of 330 households were selected by cluster sampling. Salt iodine content was estimated at household level semi-quantitatively by Iodine testing kit, following recommended guidelines. One respondent from each household was interviewed to assess their awareness and practice regarding iodized salt. Kruskal Wallis test, Mann Whitney U test and Multivariable logistic regression was used.
All 330 households were using iodized salt; 77.6% were consuming adequately iodized and 22.4% were consuming inadequately iodized salts. Only 30.9% of the respondents were aware about the importance of iodized salt, few had correct practice despite inadequate knowledge and none, except one, practiced adding salt at the end of cooking. Awareness and practice were associated with caste and age of the respondents, respectively. Keeping salt container near the oven, adjusting for keeping salt in uncovered container, significantly predicted inadequate level of iodization [AOR 6.17 (95% CI: 2.68-14.26)].
Inadequate iodization, lack of awareness regarding iodized salt and faulty storing practices amounting to increased risk of inadequate iodization are still prevalent emphasizing the need, in policy, for health education.
在消费层面监测食盐加碘的充足性并探究不足的原因，尤其是在边缘化社区，对于实现全民食盐加碘的目标覆盖率至关重要。
评估家庭层面使用的食盐碘含量、受访者的相关认知与行为及其社会人口统计学关联因素。
这项横断面描述性研究于2019年在布尔丹市的贫民窟开展。
通过整群抽样选取了330户家庭。按照推荐指南，使用碘检测试剂盒在家庭层面半定量估算盐碘含量。对每户一名受访者进行访谈，以评估他们对加碘盐的认知与行为。采用Kruskal Wallis检验、Mann Whitney U检验和多变量逻辑回归分析。
所有330户家庭均使用加碘盐；77.6%的家庭食用碘含量充足的盐，22.4%的家庭食用碘含量不足的盐。只有30.9%的受访者知晓加碘盐的重要性，尽管知识不足，但很少有人有正确的行为，除一人外，没有人在烹饪结束时加盐。认知和行为分别与受访者的种姓和年龄相关。将盐容器靠近炉灶，在调整了将盐存放在无盖容器中的因素后，显著预测碘含量不足水平[AOR 6.17（95%CI：2.68 - 14.26）]。
碘含量不足、对加碘盐缺乏认知以及错误的储存行为导致碘含量不足风险增加的情况仍然普遍存在，这凸显了政策层面开展健康教育的必要性。
