对暂停加利福尼亚州学校体能测试这一情况的批判性评估。
Critical Evaluation of the Case for Pausing California's School-based Fitness Testing.
作者信息
Woodworth Amanda, Schneider Margaret
机构信息
Amanda Woodworth, Project Coordinator, and Margaret Schneider, Researcher, Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.
出版信息
Health Behav Policy Rev. 2021 Mar;8(2):168-183. doi: 10.14485/HBPR.8.2.7.
OBJECTIVE
We undertook a literature review to evaluate the evidence for an association among school-based fitness testing and bullying, weight-based teasing (WBT), and/or gender discrimination.
METHODS
We searched the peer-reviewed literature using PubMed, ERIC and GOOGLE Scholar to identify articles related to school-based physical fitness testing (K-12) on the one hand and bullying, WBT, and/or gender discrimination on the other.
RESULTS
We identified 12 studies on the impact of school-based physical fitness testing (PFT) on bullying and WBT. These studies do not support the assertion that PFT places students at elevated risk for bullying and/or WBT as compared to other school settings. There is a dearth of studies investigating an association between PFT and gender discrimination.
CONCLUSIONS
The concerns about PFT as a widespread cause of bullying and WBT are not supported by the evidence. It is likely that school climate is a stronger determinant overall of these negative student interactions and that more rigorous teacher training would ameliorate student concerns about fitness testing. Nevertheless, more rigorous research is warranted to determine with confidence that PFT does not elevate students' risks for bullying and WBT and to examine the risks for students with non-binary gender.
目的
我们进行了一项文献综述，以评估学校体能测试与欺凌、基于体重的嘲笑（WBT）和/或性别歧视之间关联的证据。
方法
我们使用PubMed、教育资源信息中心（ERIC）和谷歌学术搜索同行评审文献，以识别一方面与基于学校的体能测试（幼儿园至12年级）相关，另一方面与欺凌、WBT和/或性别歧视相关的文章。
结果
我们确定了12项关于基于学校的体能测试（PFT）对欺凌和WBT影响的研究。这些研究不支持与其他学校环境相比，PFT会使学生遭受欺凌和/或WBT的风险增加这一说法。缺乏关于PFT与性别歧视之间关联的研究。
结论
关于PFT是欺凌和WBT普遍原因的担忧没有得到证据支持。学校氛围总体上可能是这些负面学生互动的更强决定因素，更严格的教师培训可能会减轻学生对体能测试的担忧。然而，需要进行更严格的研究，以确定PFT不会增加学生遭受欺凌和WBT的风险，并研究非二元性别学生的风险。
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