Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamilnadu, India.
Department of Microbiology, Centre of Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Palkalaiperur, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamilnadu, India.
Chemosphere. 2021 Oct;281:130746. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130746. Epub 2021 May 14.
Globally, the disposal of shellfishery waste is a major challenge and causes a risk to the coastal region. For potential development in aquaculture, the use of safe supplements to improve fish production and health is important. Chitosan (CS) used as feed additives for several fish species that enhanced production and immunity. The present study was intended to assess the effect of feed additives N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (NAG) loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) on productivity, survival rate, and protein conversion efficiency of Oreochromis niloticus (L.). This is the first report on the effect of CSNPs and NAG loaded CSNPs as feed additives enhanced growth performance and non-specific immunity of O. niloticus. CSNPs and NAG loaded CSNPs were synthesized and characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscope, FT-IR, X-ray diffraction, particle size distribution, and zeta sizer. Fish (15.30 ± 0.23 g) administered diets fortified with 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g CSNPs/kg feed loaded with NAG for 45 d. The diets containing 1.0 g/kg NAG loaded CSNPs enhanced specific growth rate, weight gain, survival rate, respiratory burst, and lysozyme activities of tilapia compared control group. The data shows biologically active CSNPs and NAG loaded CSNPs are potent antimicrobial agents against selected bacterial pathogens. In conclusion, the findings suggested that the dietary supplement containing NAG loaded CSNPs significantly increased immune-modulatory properties, growth performance, and enhanced their disease resistance of Nile tilapia.
全球范围内，贝类废物的处理是一个主要挑战，对沿海地区造成了风险。为了水产养殖的潜在发展，使用安全的补充剂来提高鱼类的产量和健康水平是很重要的。壳聚糖（CS）被用作几种鱼类的饲料添加剂，可提高产量和免疫力。本研究旨在评估 N-乙酰-D-葡萄糖胺（NAG）负载壳聚糖纳米粒（CSNPs）作为饲料添加剂对奥利亚罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）（L.）的生产力、成活率和蛋白质转化效率的影响。这是首次报道 CSNPs 和 NAG 负载 CSNPs 作为饲料添加剂可提高奥利亚罗非鱼生长性能和非特异性免疫力的报告。通过扫描和透射电子显微镜、FT-IR、X 射线衍射、粒度分布和zeta 粒径仪对 CSNPs 和 NAG 负载 CSNPs 进行了合成和表征。用 0.0、0.25、0.5、1.0 和 2.0 g CSNPs/kg 饲料喂养鱼（15.30±0.23 g），饲料中添加 NAG。与对照组相比，含有 1.0 g/kg NAG 负载 CSNPs 的饲料提高了罗非鱼的特定生长率、体重增加、成活率、呼吸爆发和溶菌酶活性。数据表明，生物活性 CSNPs 和 NAG 负载 CSNPs 是对抗选定的细菌病原体的有效抗菌剂。总之，研究结果表明，含有 NAG 负载 CSNPs 的膳食补充剂可显著提高奥利亚罗非鱼的免疫调节特性、生长性能，并增强其对疾病的抵抗力。
