综合转录组和蛋白质组分析揭示了植物-传粉者相互作用中唐古特白刺（Nitraria tangutorum Bobrov.）蜜腺和花蜜特征。
Integrative analysis of transcriptome and proteome revealed nectary and nectar traits in the plant-pollinator interaction of Nitraria tangutorum Bobrov.
机构信息
Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology of Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Rd, Xuanwu, Nanjing, 210037, China.
Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Dengkou, Inner Mongolia, China.
出版信息
BMC Plant Biol. 2021 May 22;21(1):230. doi: 10.1186/s12870-021-03002-9.
BACKGROUND
Nitraria tangutorum is an important desert shrub that shows resistance to drought, salt and wind erosion stresses. It is a central ecological species in its area. Here, we have studied how N. tangutorum has adapted to achieve a successful reproduction strategy.
RESULTS
We found that N. tangutorum is mainly pollinated by insects of the Hymenoptera, Diptera and Coleoptera orders. Nitraria tangutorum has very small flowers, with the nectary composed of secretive epidermal cells from which nectar is secreted, located within the inner petals. In addition, analyzing the transcriptome of four successive flower developmental stages revealed that mainly differentially expressed genes associated with flower and nectary development, nectar biosynthesis and secretion, flavonoid biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction and plant-pathogen interaction show dynamic expression. From the nectar, we could identify seven important proteins, of which the L-ascorbate oxidase protein was first found in plant nectar. Based on the physiological functions of these proteins, we predict that floral nectar proteins of N. tangutorum play an important role in defending against microbial infestation and scavenging active oxygen.
CONCLUSIONS
This study revealed that N. tangutorum is an insect-pollinated plant and its nectary is composed of secretive epidermal cells that specialized into secretive trichomes. We identified a large number of differentially expressed genes controlling flower and nectary development, nectar biosynthesis and secretion, flavonoid biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction and plant-pathogen interaction. We suggest that proteins present in N. tangutorum nectar may have both an antibacterial and oxygen scavenging effect. These results provide a scientific basis for exploring how the reproductive system of N. tangutorum and other arid-desert plants functions.
背景
白刺是一种重要的荒漠灌木，具有耐旱、耐盐和抗风蚀的特性。它是其所在区域的中心生态物种。在这里，我们研究了白刺如何适应环境以实现成功的繁殖策略。
结果
我们发现白刺主要由膜翅目、双翅目和鞘翅目昆虫授粉。白刺的花朵非常小，其蜜腺由分泌花蜜的隐蔽性表皮细胞组成，位于内花瓣内。此外，分析四个连续的花发育阶段的转录组表明，主要差异表达基因与花和蜜腺发育、花蜜生物合成和分泌、类黄酮生物合成、植物激素信号转导和植物-病原体相互作用相关，表现出动态表达。从花蜜中，我们可以鉴定出七种重要的蛋白质，其中 L-抗坏血酸氧化酶蛋白首次在植物花蜜中被发现。基于这些蛋白质的生理功能，我们预测白刺花蜜中的花蛋白在抵御微生物侵染和清除活性氧方面发挥着重要作用。
结论
本研究表明，白刺是一种虫媒授粉植物，其蜜腺由特化为分泌性毛状体的隐蔽性表皮细胞组成。我们鉴定了大量控制花和蜜腺发育、花蜜生物合成和分泌、类黄酮生物合成、植物激素信号转导和植物-病原体相互作用的差异表达基因。我们认为白刺花蜜中的蛋白质可能具有抑菌和清除氧自由基的作用。这些结果为探索白刺和其他干旱荒漠植物的生殖系统功能提供了科学依据。
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