Department of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Oct;28(38):53239-53248. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-14443-y. Epub 2021 May 23.
Studies were conducted to assess the biodegradability and toxicity of the cationic surfactant dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DTMAC) in sea water samples collected from the Gulf of Cadiz (Spain). Ultimate biodegradation was studied following the guideline proposed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Growth inhibition tests on five marine microalgae species and mortality tests on a marine crustacean (Artemia franciscana) were carried out. Biodegradation process was modelled according to a logistic kinetic model. Lag time and half-life were 15.17 and 26.95 days, respectively. Depending on the microalgae, 96-h EC50 values ranged from 0.69 to 6.34 mg L DTMAC, respectively. 48-h and 72-h LC50 to A. franciscana were 46.74 and 34.19 mg L DTMAC, respectively. The results indicate that DTMAC can be mineralised in sea water. Marine crustacean was more resistant than the microalgae. Surfactant tolerance on microalgae followed this order: T. chuii > N. gaditana > C. gracilis ≈ I. galbana ≈ D. salina, being the Green microalgae T. chuii the most tolerant.
研究了从西班牙加的斯湾采集的海水中阳离子表面活性剂十二烷基三甲基氯化铵 (DTMAC) 的生物降解性和毒性。按照美国环境保护署 (USEPA) 提出的指南研究了最终生物降解性。对五种海洋微藻物种进行了生长抑制试验和对一种海洋甲壳类动物（卤虫）进行了致死试验。根据逻辑动力学模型对生物降解过程进行了建模。滞后时间和半衰期分别为 15.17 天和 26.95 天。根据微藻的不同，96 小时 EC50 值范围为 0.69 至 6.34 mg/L DTMAC。卤虫的 48 小时和 72 小时 LC50 值分别为 46.74 和 34.19 mg/L DTMAC。结果表明，DTMAC 可在海水中矿化。海洋甲壳类动物比微藻更具抗性。微藻对表面活性剂的耐受性顺序为：T. chuii > N. gaditana > C. gracilis ≈ I. galbana ≈ D. salina，绿藻 T. chuii 最具耐受性。
