肥胖症患病率与青少年能量摄入和消耗的比较映射方法。

Comparative mapping approach of energy intake and expenditure of obesity prevalence among school adolescents.

机构信息

Laboratoire de Biomathématiques, Biophysique, Biochimie et Scientométrie (L3BS), Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algérie.

出版信息

Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2021 Jun;43:397-407. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.03.017. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

DOI:10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.03.017

PMID:34024547

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity in an obesogenic environment among adolescents in the wilaya of Bejaia (eastern Algeria), and to assess their Physical Activity Level (PAL), Daily Energy Expenditure (DEE) and Total Energy Intake (TEI).

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 3038 adolescents consisting of 1635 girls and 1403 boys in middle and high schools in 19 regions of Bejaia. The average age was 14.78 ± 2.53. Two questionnaires were assigned to collect data on their nutritional habits (24-h dietary call) and physical activity levels. BMI measurement was adopted in this study to determine the weight status of this sample and to assess the distribution of BMI, PAL, DEE, TEI over geographical areas of an administrative territory using the Student test descriptive statistical method (p < 0.05).

RESULTS

The prevalence of obesity and overweight was equal to 3.3%, the physical activity level in adolescents was 1.72 ± 0.21, with boys more likely to participate in sports than girls (16.5% for boys and 6% for girls). However, energy intake (3775.44 ± 719.07 kcal/day), energy expenditure (3144.13 ± 850.54 kcal) and body mass index (30.51 ± 2.99 kg/m) were high. Body mass index (BMI) is negatively correlated with PAL (r = -0.05) and positively correlated with TEI (r = 0.31) and DEE (r = 0.30), these results show that DEE and TEI factors play an important role in the prevalence of BMI with excessive consumption of high carbohydrate (614.55 g) and fat (98.9 g) foods, which is due to poor diet and are related to insufficient level of physical activity. The mapping shows that there is a disparity between the studied parameters: high BMI, low PAL and consumption of unhealthy foods (DEE, TEI).

CONCLUSION

The lack of physical activity and the imbalance between energy intake and expenditure are the main factors that could lead to an increased risk of obesity in adolescents.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在描述贝贾亚省（阿尔及利亚东部）致肥胖环境中青少年超重和肥胖的流行情况，并评估其体力活动水平（PAL）、每日能量消耗（DEE）和总能量摄入（TEI）。

方法

在贝贾亚 19 个地区的中学和高中对 3038 名青少年进行了横断面研究，其中包括 1635 名女孩和 1403 名男孩，平均年龄为 14.78±2.53 岁。两个问卷被分配来收集他们的营养习惯（24 小时饮食摄入）和体力活动水平的数据。本研究采用 BMI 测量来确定该样本的体重状况，并使用学生检验描述性统计方法（p<0.05）评估 BMI、PAL、DEE、TEI 在行政区域的分布。

结果

肥胖和超重的患病率相等，为 3.3%，青少年的体力活动水平为 1.72±0.21，男孩比女孩更有可能参加运动（男孩 16.5%，女孩 6%）。然而，能量摄入（3775.44±719.07千卡/天）、能量消耗（3144.13±850.54千卡）和体重指数（BMI）（30.51±2.99千克/米）都很高。体重指数（BMI）与 PAL 呈负相关（r=-0.05），与 TEI（r=0.31）和 DEE（r=0.30）呈正相关，这些结果表明 DEE 和 TEI 因素在 BMI 流行中起着重要作用，这是由于高碳水化合物（614.55 克）和脂肪（98.9 克）食物的过度消费，这是由于不良的饮食和与体力活动不足有关。映射表明，研究参数之间存在差异：高 BMI、低 PAL 和不健康食物的消费（DEE、TEI）。