Venkatachalam Prerana, Nadumane Varalakshmi Kilingar
Department of Biotechnology, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Bengaluru, India.
Mycology. 2019 Dec 26;12(2):69-81. doi: 10.1080/21501203.2019.1707315.
Search for an efficient anti-cancer compound of natural origin with well-defined mechanisms of action is an important scientific pursuit today, due to cancer being the second leading cause for the death of affected people. The members of the genus are one of the important sources of bioactive compounds. In the present study, , isolated from a garden soil in Madurai district of Tamil Nadu, was found to produce a highly promising anti-cancer metabolite. The percentage viabilities of HepG2, HeLa and MCF-7 cancer cells treated with the bioactive fraction (P5) isolated from , ranged between 40-50% after 96 h. Apoptosis induction was found to be the major reason for the observed reduction in cancer cell proliferation and cell count which was confirmed by caspase activity, DNA fragmentation, clonogenic assay, cell cycle analysis and LDH assays. The upregulation of proapoptotic Bax, coupled with the downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expressions were confirmed by RT-qPCR and flow cytometry methods. The current study also indicated an upregulation of p53 which further strengthened the apoptogenic property of P5 fraction. Non-toxicity of P5 was demonstrated on normal peripheral lymphocytes. The analysis of P5 fraction through GC-MS indicated the presence of indole-2, 3-(4,4-dimethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone) as one of the major compounds.
由于癌症是受影响人群的第二大死因，寻找一种作用机制明确的高效天然抗癌化合物是当今一项重要的科学探索。该属的成员是生物活性化合物的重要来源之一。在本研究中，从泰米尔纳德邦马杜赖区的花园土壤中分离出的[具体名称未给出]，被发现能产生一种极有前景的抗癌代谢物。用从[具体名称未给出]中分离出的生物活性组分（P5）处理的HepG2、HeLa和MCF - 7癌细胞的存活率在96小时后介于40%至50%之间。发现凋亡诱导是观察到的癌细胞增殖和细胞数量减少的主要原因，这通过半胱天冬酶活性、DNA片段化、克隆形成试验、细胞周期分析和乳酸脱氢酶测定得到证实。通过RT - qPCR和流式细胞术方法证实了促凋亡蛋白Bax的上调以及抗凋亡蛋白Bcl - 2表达的下调。当前研究还表明p53上调，这进一步增强了P5组分的促凋亡特性。P5对正常外周淋巴细胞无毒性。通过GC - MS对P5组分的分析表明，吲哚 - 2, 3 -（4,4 - 二甲基 - 3 - 硫代半卡巴腙）是主要化合物之一。
