Bai Shuang, Zhao Li
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 May 5;8:653332. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.653332. eCollection 2021.
The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) emphysematous phenotype is characterized by destruction of lung tissue structure. Patients with this phenotype usually present with typical emphysema-like changes on chest computed Tomography CT, experience higher mortality and poorer prognosis, and are insensitive to routine pharmacological COPD therapy. However, the pathogenesis for the COPD emphysematous phenotype remains unclear, resulting in diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The imbalance between injury and defense mechanisms is essential in the progression of many pulmonary diseases. Thus, in this review, we focus on the pathogenesis of the COPD emphysematous phenotype and discuss the pathophysiological processes involved in disease progression, from the perspective of injury and defense imbalance.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的肺气肿表型以肺组织结构破坏为特征。具有这种表型的患者在胸部计算机断层扫描（CT）上通常呈现典型的肺气肿样改变，死亡率较高且预后较差，并且对常规的COPD药物治疗不敏感。然而，COPD肺气肿表型的发病机制仍不清楚，这导致了诊断和治疗方面的挑战。损伤与防御机制之间的失衡在许多肺部疾病的进展中至关重要。因此，在本综述中，我们从损伤与防御失衡的角度，聚焦于COPD肺气肿表型的发病机制，并讨论疾病进展中涉及的病理生理过程。
