坏死性小肠结肠炎。

Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

机构信息

Division of Newborn Medicine, Jack and Lucy Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1000 10th Avenue, New York, NY 10019, USA.

Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, 2015 Uppergate Drive Northeast, 3rd Floor, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.

出版信息

Clin Perinatol. 2021 Jun;48(2):229-250. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2021.03.002.

DOI:10.1016/j.clp.2021.03.002

PMID:34030811

Abstract

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory disease affecting premature infants. Intestinal microbial composition may play a key role in determining which infants are predisposed to NEC and when infants are at highest risk of developing NEC. It is unclear how to optimize antibiotic therapy in preterm infants to prevent NEC and how to optimize antibiotic regimens to treat neonates with NEC. This article discusses risk factors for NEC, how dysbiosis in preterm infants plays a role in the pathogenesis of NEC, and how probiotic and antibiotic therapy may be used to prevent and/or treat NEC and its sequelae.

摘要

坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）是一种影响早产儿的炎症性疾病。肠道微生物组成可能在决定哪些婴儿易患 NEC 以及婴儿发生 NEC 的风险最高时起着关键作用。目前尚不清楚如何优化早产儿的抗生素治疗以预防 NEC，以及如何优化抗生素方案来治疗患有 NEC 的新生儿。本文讨论了 NEC 的危险因素，早产儿肠道菌群失调如何在 NEC 的发病机制中发挥作用，以及益生菌和抗生素治疗如何用于预防和/或治疗 NEC 及其后遗症。