Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
Balıkesir University, Turkey.
J Atten Disord. 2022 Mar;26(5):674-684. doi: 10.1177/10870547211017985. Epub 2021 May 25.
This study aimed to determine the prevalence and comorbidities of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by evaluating a large-scale nation-wide sample of children.
The inclusion criterion was being enrolled as a 2nd, 3rd, or 4th-grade student. A semi-structured diagnostic interview (K-SADS-PL), DSM-IV-Based Screening Scale for Disruptive Behavior Disorders, and assessment of impairment (by both parents and teachers) were applied to 5,842 participants.
The prevalence of ADHD was 19.5% without impairment and 12.4% with impairment. Both ADHD with and without impairment groups had similar psychiatric comorbidity rates except for oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) diagnoses. Impairment in the ADHD group resulted in significantly higher ODD and CD diagnoses.
Even when impairment is not described, other psychiatric disorders accompany the diagnosis of ADHD and may cause impairment in the future. Impairment in the diagnosis of ADHD significantly increases the likelihood of ODD and CD.
本研究旨在通过评估大规模全国范围内的儿童样本，确定注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的患病率和共病情况。
纳入标准为被招募为二年级、三年级或四年级学生。对 5842 名参与者应用半结构化诊断访谈（K-SADS-PL）、基于 DSM-IV 的破坏性行为障碍筛查量表以及损伤评估（由父母和教师共同进行）。
无损伤的 ADHD 患病率为 19.5%，有损伤的 ADHD 患病率为 12.4%。ADHD 有和无损伤组的精神共病率相似，除对立违抗性障碍（ODD）和品行障碍（CD）诊断外。ADHD 组的损伤导致 ODD 和 CD 的诊断明显增加。
即使没有描述损伤，ADHD 的诊断也伴随着其他精神障碍，并且可能在未来导致损伤。ADHD 诊断的损伤显著增加 ODD 和 CD 的可能性。
