Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Mod Trends Psychiatry. 2021;32:68-73. doi: 10.1159/000510418. Epub 2021 May 6.
Understanding how the microbiome influences health and disease has emerged as an important area of research across all domains of biomedical and health sciences. An extensive body of work in animal models has established a link between the gut microbiome and anxiety-like behaviour. Foundational work on germ-free mice provided the catalyst for neuroscientists to consider the microbiota-brain axis and brain health. Research manipulating the microbiome, including use of germ-free mice, antibiotics, and probiotics, provide evidence that the microbiota influences stress systems and in particular anxiety-like behaviour. Consideration of anxiety-like behaviour in animal models of metabolic and inflammatory disorders expands the scope of the work and correlates in clinical studies are emerging. This chapter highlights the work done to date in animal studies and reviews the recent clinical literature translating these observations to anxiety disorders.
了解微生物组如何影响健康和疾病已经成为生物医学和健康科学所有领域的重要研究领域。大量的动物模型研究已经建立了肠道微生物组与类似焦虑的行为之间的联系。无菌小鼠的基础工作为神经科学家考虑微生物群-大脑轴和大脑健康提供了催化剂。对微生物组进行操作的研究，包括使用无菌小鼠、抗生素和益生菌，提供了证据表明微生物群会影响应激系统，特别是类似焦虑的行为。在代谢和炎症性疾病的动物模型中考虑类似焦虑的行为扩展了这项工作的范围，临床研究中的相关性也正在出现。本章重点介绍了迄今为止在动物研究中所做的工作，并回顾了将这些观察结果转化为焦虑障碍的最新临床文献。
