Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz, Manaus, Brazil.
Laboratório de Diversidade Microbiana da Amazônia com Importância para a Saúde, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz, Manaus, Brazil.
Nat Med. 2021 Jul;27(7):1230-1238. doi: 10.1038/s41591-021-01378-7. Epub 2021 May 25.
The northern state of Amazonas is among the regions in Brazil most heavily affected by the COVID-19 epidemic and has experienced two exponentially growing waves, in early and late 2020. Through a genomic epidemiology study based on 250 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genomes from different Amazonas municipalities sampled between March 2020 and January 2021, we reveal that the first exponential growth phase was driven mostly by the dissemination of lineage B.1.195, which was gradually replaced by lineage B.1.1.28 between May and June 2020. The second wave coincides with the emergence of the variant of concern (VOC) P.1, which evolved from a local B.1.1.28 clade in late November 2020 and replaced the parental lineage in <2 months. Our findings support the conclusion that successive lineage replacements in Amazonas were driven by a complex combination of variable levels of social distancing measures and the emergence of a more transmissible VOC P.1 virus. These data provide insights to understanding the mechanisms underlying the COVID-19 epidemic waves and the risk of dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 VOC P.1 in Brazil and, potentially, worldwide.
亚马逊州是巴西受 COVID-19 疫情影响最严重的地区之一，经历了 2020 年初和年末的两次指数级增长浪潮。通过对 2020 年 3 月至 2021 年 1 月期间从亚马逊州不同城市采集的 250 个严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）基因组进行基于基因组流行病学的研究，我们揭示了第一个指数增长阶段主要是由谱系 B.1.195 传播驱动的，该谱系在 2020 年 5 月至 6 月期间逐渐被谱系 B.1.1.28 取代。第二个浪潮与关切变种（VOC）P.1 的出现相吻合，该变种是从 2020 年 11 月下旬当地的 B.1.1.28 分支进化而来的，并在不到 2 个月的时间内取代了母体谱系。我们的研究结果支持了这样的结论，即亚马逊州的连续谱系替代是由社会隔离措施水平的变化和更具传染性的 VOC P.1 病毒的出现的复杂组合所驱动的。这些数据提供了对 COVID-19 疫情浪潮以及巴西和全球范围内 SARS-CoV-2 VOC P.1 传播风险的潜在机制的深入了解。
