Assari Shervin
Department of Family Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA.
Department of Urban Public Health, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA.
Int J Travel Med Glob Health. 2020 Fall;8(4):157-164. doi: 10.34172/IJTMGH.2020.27.
Relative to socially privileged groups, socially marginalized people experience weaker health effects of household income and other economic resources, a pattern known as Minorities' Diminished Returns (MDRs). These MDRs are frequently seen in racial and ethnic minorities, but less is known about the relevance of such MDRs in immigrant families. To investigate the MDRs of household income on children's depression as a function of immigration, we compared non-immigrant and immigrant children for the effect of household income on children's depressive symptoms.
This cross-sectional study was conducted across multiple cities in the United States. Baseline data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study collected in 2018 was used. A total of 6,412 children between the ages of 9-10-year-old were included. The predictor variable was household income. The primary outcome was children's depression measured by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Race, ethnicity, age, sex, parental marital status, parental employment, and financial difficulties were the covariates. Immigration status was the effect modifier.
Overall, high household income was associated with lower children's depressive symptoms. Immigration status showed a statistically significant interaction with household income on children's depression. This interaction term suggested that high household income has a smaller protective effect against depression for immigrant children than non-immigrant children.
The protective effect of household income against children's depression is diminished for immigrant than non-immigrant children.
相对于社会特权群体，社会边缘化人群从家庭收入和其他经济资源中获得的健康效益较弱，这种模式被称为少数群体收益递减（MDRs）。这些MDRs在种族和少数民族中经常出现，但对于此类MDRs在移民家庭中的相关性了解较少。为了研究家庭收入对儿童抑郁的MDRs作为移民的一个函数，我们比较了非移民和移民儿童家庭收入对儿童抑郁症状的影响。
这项横断面研究在美国多个城市进行。使用了2018年收集的青少年大脑认知发展（ABCD）研究的基线数据。共纳入6412名9至10岁的儿童。预测变量是家庭收入。主要结局是通过儿童行为检查表（CBCL）测量的儿童抑郁。种族、民族、年龄、性别、父母婚姻状况、父母就业情况和经济困难是协变量。移民身份是效应修饰因素。
总体而言，高家庭收入与较低的儿童抑郁症状相关。移民身份在儿童抑郁方面与家庭收入存在统计学上的显著交互作用。这个交互项表明，高家庭收入对移民儿童抑郁的保护作用比对非移民儿童的保护作用小。
与非移民儿童相比，家庭收入对移民儿童抑郁的保护作用减弱。
