青少年短暂边缘型人格障碍症状与父母否定和青少年感知支持的关系。
Momentary borderline personality disorder symptoms in youth as a function of parental invalidation and youth-perceived support.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
出版信息
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2022 Feb;63(2):178-186. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.13443. Epub 2021 May 25.
BACKGROUND
Parental invalidation is central to etiological models of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Previous studies relied on retrospective accounts or laboratory observations to examine these associations. There is a dearth of research assessing these constructs in daily life, and limited studies have tested the effect of parental invalidation on BPD symptoms during early adolescence, when BPD onsets. The current study took a dynamic approach to assess parents' validating and invalidating behavior and its effect on youths' BPD symptom expression in daily life, while accounting for parent-perceived helpfulness of these behaviors and youth-perceived support.
METHODS
A psychiatric sample of 162 early adolescents (age range = 10-14 years; 47% female) and their parent completed a four-day ecological momentary assessment study. Parents reported on the use of validating and invalidating (e.g. punishing and ignoring) behaviors during parent-child conflict, as well as perceived helpfulness of these behaviors. Youth reported on their BPD symptoms and perceived parental support. Multilevel models were used to test the between- and within-person effects of parents' validating and invalidating behaviors, parent-perceived helpfulness and youth-perceived support, and their interaction on youth's momentary expression of BPD symptoms.
RESULTS
At the between-person level, invalidating behaviors, specifically punishing behaviors, were related to greater BPD symptoms in daily life, while ignoring behaviors were associated with fewer BPD symptoms. Youth-perceived support predicted fewer BPD symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS
Results underscore the importance of parental invalidation for the expression of BPD symptoms in daily life and also highlight the importance of youth's subjective experience of parental support. Findings are discussed in terms of etiological and intervention models that emphasize a dyadic framework.
背景
父母的否定是边缘型人格障碍（BPD）病因学模型的核心。先前的研究依赖于回顾性报告或实验室观察来检验这些关联。在日常生活中评估这些结构的研究很少，而且很少有研究测试父母否定对青少年早期 BPD 症状的影响，此时 BPD 开始发作。本研究采用动态方法来评估父母的肯定和否定行为及其对青少年日常生活中 BPD 症状表达的影响，同时考虑到父母对这些行为的感知有用性和青少年对支持的感知。
方法
一项精神病学样本的 162 名青少年（年龄范围为 10-14 岁；47%为女性）及其父母完成了为期四天的生态瞬时评估研究。父母报告了在亲子冲突中使用肯定和否定（例如惩罚和忽视）行为的情况，以及对这些行为的感知有用性。青少年报告了他们的 BPD 症状和感知到的父母支持。多层次模型用于检验父母的肯定和否定行为、父母感知的有用性和青少年感知的支持及其相互作用对青少年瞬间表达 BPD 症状的个体间和个体内影响。
结果
在个体间水平上，否定行为，特别是惩罚行为，与日常生活中更多的 BPD 症状有关，而忽视行为与更少的 BPD 症状有关。青少年感知的支持预测 BPD 症状较少。
结论
研究结果强调了父母否定对日常生活中 BPD 症状表达的重要性，也强调了青少年对父母支持的主观体验的重要性。研究结果从强调二元框架的病因学和干预模型的角度进行了讨论。
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