Medical academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eivenių 2, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Aust Dent J. 2021 Mar;66 Suppl 1:S71-S81. doi: 10.1111/adj.12859. Epub 2021 Jun 28.
Anatomical limits such as the location of the lower alveolar nerve, the maxillary sinus in atrophied jaws might extend implant surgery treatment. The purpose of this systematic literature review is to review the literature and determine whether short implants can be an effective alternative to standard-length implants after bone augmentation.
A systematic search was performed on PRISMA wizard. Searched for clinical trials 2010-2020 in the Medline database. The keywords chosen are "short versus long implants, augmented bone, clinical trial", and their various variations.
Meta-analyses of the studies of implant loss after 1, 3 and 5 years showed a statistically insignificant difference between groups. The number of complications after 1 year was statistically significantly higher in the control group. Meta-analyses with follow-up periods of 3 and 5 years showed a statistically insignificant difference; Meta-analyses of studies of marginal bone loss after 1, 3 and 5 years showed a statistically insignificant difference between the groups.
Short dental implants may be a suitable alternative to standard length dental implants after bone augmentation. The risk of their complications is possibly lower because of the lack of need for bone augmentation.
解剖学限制，如下颌神经的位置、萎缩颌骨中的上颌窦，可能会扩大种植手术的治疗范围。本系统文献复习的目的是回顾文献，确定在骨增量后，短种植体是否可以作为标准长度种植体的有效替代物。
在 PRISMA 向导上进行了系统搜索。在 Medline 数据库中搜索了 2010-2020 年的临床试验。选择的关键词是“短与长种植体，增强骨，临床试验”及其各种变体。
1、3 和 5 年后种植体丢失的研究的荟萃分析显示，组间无统计学差异。第 1 年对照组并发症的数量统计学上显著更高。随访 3 年和 5 年的荟萃分析显示组间无统计学差异；1、3 和 5 年后边缘骨丢失的研究的荟萃分析显示组间无统计学差异。
在进行骨增量后，短牙科种植体可能是标准长度牙科种植体的合适替代物。由于不需要进行骨增量，它们发生并发症的风险可能较低。
