Anitua Eduardo, Piñas Laura, Alkhraisat Mohammad Hamdan
University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology-UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), 01007 Vitoria, Spain.
BTI Biotechnology Institute, 01005 Vitoria, Spain.
Dent J (Basel). 2024 Dec 27;13(1):12. doi: 10.3390/dj13010012.
: Vertical atrophy of the maxilla has traditionally been treated with sinus lift procedures and implant placement, performed in one or two surgical stages. Subsequently, the transcrestal sinus lift technique was introduced, offering distinct advantages in terms of indications and reduced morbidity. Most recently, short implants have emerged as a valid alternative to these procedures, even in cases of severe horizontal resorption, allowing for direct placement in many cases. This study was designed to assess the clinical outcomes of short implant placement in alveolar ridges with severe bone atrophy, compared with conventional-length implants placed in areas undergoing conventional sinus elevation. : A retrospective split-mouth study was conducted to compare conventional sinus elevation with standard-length implants versus short implants for addressing vertical bone atrophy in the posterior maxilla. The primary variable was the variation in the marginal bone level. The secondary variables were implant survival and complications. The evaluation of the statistical significance of the difference in categorical variables was accomplished by Chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test. The comparison between the study groups in continuous variables was performed using Wilcoxon test. The statistical significance was set at -value < 0.05. : The study sample consisted of 24 patients and a total of 73 dental implants. The lateral sinus elevation group (LSEG) included 39 implants, while the short implants group (SIG) included 32 implants. All prostheses were screw-retained. Changes in marginal bone levels indicated a marginal bone loss of less than 0.5 mm in both groups, with no statistically significant difference. In the LSEG, two cases of mucositis were identified, attributed to improper use of an interdental brush. Additionally, two cases of prosthetic screw fracture were reported in the LSEG as technical complications. : Long-term outcome data have provided evidence that the use of short implants is comparable to a state-of-the-art procedure (sinus grafting and placement of implants) regarding implant survival, marginal bone remodeling, and complication rates.
传统上，上颌骨垂直萎缩采用上颌窦提升术和种植体植入术进行治疗，手术分一或两个阶段进行。随后，经牙槽嵴上颌窦提升技术被引入，在适应症和降低发病率方面具有明显优势。最近，短种植体已成为这些手术的有效替代方案，即使在严重水平吸收的情况下，在许多病例中也可直接植入。本研究旨在评估在严重骨萎缩的牙槽嵴中植入短种植体的临床效果，并与在进行传统上颌窦提升的区域植入常规长度种植体的效果进行比较。：进行了一项回顾性双侧对照研究，比较传统上颌窦提升联合标准长度种植体与短种植体治疗上颌后牙区垂直骨萎缩的效果。主要变量是边缘骨水平的变化。次要变量是种植体存活率和并发症。通过卡方检验或费舍尔精确检验对分类变量差异的统计学意义进行评估。使用威尔科克森检验对研究组之间的连续变量进行比较。统计学显著性设定为P值<0.05。：研究样本包括24名患者和总共73颗牙种植体。外侧上颌窦提升组（LSEG）包括39颗种植体，而短种植体组（SIG）包括32颗种植体。所有修复体均为螺丝固位。边缘骨水平的变化表明两组的边缘骨吸收均小于0.5mm，无统计学显著差异。在LSEG中，发现2例黏膜炎症，归因于牙间刷使用不当。此外，LSEG报告了2例修复螺丝骨折作为技术并发症。：长期结果数据表明，在种植体存活率、边缘骨重塑和并发症发生率方面，使用短种植体与先进技术（上颌窦植骨和种植体植入）相当。
