School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Center for Food Science and Nutrition, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2021 May 26;16(5):e0252247. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252247. eCollection 2021.
Inadequate or excess gestational weight gain (GWG) leads to multiple undesirable birth outcomes. Yet, in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) little is known about the weight gain pattern in pregnancy. The purpose of the study is to estimate the average gestational weight gain (GWG) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and to examined whether there had been recent improvements or not.
Based on cross-sectional anthropometric data extracted from multiple Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in SSA, we estimated the average GWG in the region. Pseudo-cohort design was used to reconstruct GWG trajectories based on aggregated data of 110,482 women extracted from 30 recent surveys. Trend in GWG between 2000 and 2015 was determined using the data of 11 SSA countries. Pre-pregnancy weight was estimated based on the weight of non-pregnant women at risk of conception.
On average, women in SSA gain inadequate weight (6.6 kg, 95% confidence interval, 6.0-7.2) over pregnancy. No meaningful gain was observed in the first trimester; whereas, women in the second and third trimesters put on 2.2 and 3.2 kg, respectively. The highest weight gain (10.5, 8.2-12.9 kg) was observed in Southern African sub-region and the lowest in Western Africa (5.8, 5.0-6.6 kg). The GWG among women who had secondary or above education (9.5, 8.2-10.9 kg) was higher than women with lower education (5.0, 4.3-5.8 kg). Likewise, GWG in women from richest households (9.0, 7.2-10.7 kg) was superior to those from poorest households (6.1, 5.3-7.0 kg). The estimated recent (2015-20) mean GWG (6.6, 5.8-7.4 kg) was not significantly different from what had been at beginning of the new millennium (6.7, 5.9-7.5 kg).
In SSA GWG is extremely low and is not showing improvements.
妊娠期间体重增加不足或过多会导致多种不良分娩结局。然而，在撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA），人们对妊娠期间的体重增加模式知之甚少。本研究旨在估计 SSA 妊娠期间的平均体重增加（GWG），并探讨是否有所改善。
基于从 SSA 进行的多项人口与健康调查中提取的横断面人体测量数据，我们估计了该地区的平均 GWG。使用从 30 项最近调查中提取的 110482 名妇女的汇总数据，采用伪队列设计来重建 GWG 轨迹。使用 11 个 SSA 国家的数据确定 2000 年至 2015 年期间 GWG 的趋势。根据有受孕风险的非孕妇的体重来估计孕前体重。
平均而言，SSA 的妇女在怀孕期间体重增加不足（6.6 公斤，95%置信区间：6.0-7.2）。在孕早期没有明显的增加；然而，在孕中期和孕晚期，妇女的体重分别增加了 2.2 公斤和 3.2 公斤。体重增加最多（10.5，8.2-12.9 公斤）的是南部非洲次区域，而体重增加最少（5.8，5.0-6.6 公斤）的是西非。受过中等或高等教育的妇女（9.5，8.2-10.9 公斤）的 GWG 高于受教育程度较低的妇女（5.0，4.3-5.8 公斤）。同样，来自最富裕家庭的妇女（9.0，7.2-10.7 公斤）的 GWG 优于来自最贫困家庭的妇女（6.1，5.3-7.0 公斤）。最近（2015-20 年）估计的平均 GWG（6.6，5.8-7.4 公斤）与新千年开始时（6.7，5.9-7.5 公斤）没有显著差异。
在 SSA，GWG 极低，且没有改善。
