Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research (PGJCCR), Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research (PGJCCR), Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
J Clin Pathol. 2021 Sep;74(9):548-552. doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2020-206927. Epub 2021 May 26.
The leucocyte common antigen, protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C (PTPRC), also known as CD45, is a transmembrane glycoprotein, expressed on almost all haematopoietic cells except for mature erythrocytes, and is an essential regulator of T and B cell antigen receptor-mediated activation. Disruption of the equilibrium between protein tyrosine kinase and phosphatase activity (from CD45 and others) can result in immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, or malignancy. CD45 is normally present on the cell surface, therefore it works upstream of a large signalling network which differs between cell types, and thus the effects of CD45 on these cells are also different. However, it is becoming clear that CD45 plays an essential role in the innate immune system and this is likely to be a key area for future research. In this review of (CD45), its structure and biological activities as well as abnormal expression of CD45 in leukaemia and lymphoma will be discussed.
白细胞共同抗原、蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶受体型 C（PTPRC），也称为 CD45，是一种跨膜糖蛋白，几乎表达于除成熟红细胞以外的所有造血细胞上，是 T 和 B 细胞抗原受体介导的激活的必需调节剂。蛋白酪氨酸激酶和磷酸酶活性（来自 CD45 和其他蛋白）之间的平衡被打破可导致免疫缺陷、自身免疫或恶性肿瘤。CD45 通常存在于细胞表面，因此它在上游作用于一个在细胞类型之间存在差异的大型信号网络，因此 CD45 对这些细胞的影响也不同。然而，越来越清楚的是，CD45 在固有免疫系统中发挥着重要作用，这可能是未来研究的一个关键领域。在对 CD45 的综述中，将讨论其结构和生物学活性，以及白血病和淋巴瘤中 CD45 的异常表达。
