Grigoriadis Andreas, Koutounidou Symela, Räisänen Ismo, Arsenakis Minas, Sakellari Dimitra
Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Department of Periodontology, 424 General Military Training Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Eur J Dent. 2021 Jul;15(3):495-501. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1725578. Epub 2021 May 26.
The aim of the study was to investigate the potential interaction between TCF7L2 rs7903146 genotype, which is implicated for type-2 diabetes mellitus genetic susceptibility, HbA1c levels, and the periodontal status of dental patients.
HbA1c levels, clinical periodontal parameters (probing depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, and plaque index), and several parameters (such as body mass index [BMI], smoking habits, education level, and age) were recorded in 150 patients who fulfilled the criteria for screening for prediabetes/diabetes of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. DNA was extracted and the TCF7L2 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7903146 was genotyped in all participants.
Thirty-one patients out of 150 tested were found with unknown hyperglycemia (20.7%). Regarding sex, education, parent with diabetes, normal BMI, smoking, age ≥45 years and prior testing for diabetes, no differences were observed between patients displaying HbA1c < 5.7 and ≥ 5.7% (Pearson's Chi-square test, > 0.05). Regarding periodontal parameters and differences between subgroups (HbA1c levels ≥ 5.7 and HbA1c levels < 5.7), statistically significant differences were observed for probing depth (3.20 ± 0.94 vs. 2.81 ± 0.78 mm), clinical attachment level (3.54 ± 1.20 vs. 3.18 ± 1.06 mm) and bleeding on probing (0.62 ± 0.25 vs. 0.50 ± 0.24%) with hyperglycemic patients exhibiting worse periodontal conditions (Mann-Whitney test < 0.05). The allelic and genotype frequencies for the transcription factor 7-like 2 () gene, SNPs 7903146 did not exhibit a significant difference between the HbA1c > 5.7 and HbA1c < 5.7 groups and the periodontitis and nonperiodontitis subgroups respectively (Fisher's exact test >0.05). Statistical Analysis Patient characteristics and their association with prediabetes were tested by Pearson's Chi-square test (asymptotic, two sided). Differences of periodontal parameters between subgroups were tested with the Mann-Whitney U-test. The associations of allele and genotype frequencies in the patient and control groups were analyzed using the Fisher's exact test of independence.The significance level was set at the 0.05 for all tests.
A statistically significant association between TCF7L2 rs7903146 genotype and periodontal condition or HbA1c levels was not observed in contrast to statistically significant differences of clinical parameters of periodontitis in patients with hyperglycemia.
本研究旨在调查与2型糖尿病遗传易感性相关的TCF7L2 rs7903146基因型、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平和牙科患者牙周状况之间的潜在相互作用。
记录了150例符合美国疾病控制与预防中心糖尿病前期/糖尿病筛查标准患者的HbA1c水平、临床牙周参数（探诊深度、临床附着水平、探诊出血和菌斑指数）以及一些参数（如体重指数[BMI]、吸烟习惯、教育水平和年龄）。提取DNA并对所有参与者的TCF7L2单核苷酸多态性（SNP）rs7903146进行基因分型。
150例接受检测的患者中有31例（20.7%）存在不明原因的高血糖。在性别、教育程度、糖尿病家族史、BMI正常、吸烟、年龄≥45岁以及既往糖尿病检测方面，HbA1c<5.7%和≥5.7%的患者之间未观察到差异（Pearson卡方检验，P>0.05）。关于牙周参数以及亚组间差异（HbA1c水平≥5.7%和HbA1c水平<5.7%），在探诊深度（3.20±0.94 vs.2.81±0.78mm）、临床附着水平（3.54±1.20 vs.3.18±1.06mm）和探诊出血（0.62±0.25 vs.0.50±0.24%）方面观察到统计学显著差异，高血糖患者的牙周状况更差（Mann-Whitney检验，P<0.05）。转录因子7样2（TCF7L2）基因SNP rs7903146的等位基因和基因型频率在HbA1c>5.7%和HbA1c<5.7%组以及牙周炎和非牙周炎亚组之间分别未显示出显著差异（Fisher精确检验，P>0.05）。统计分析 患者特征及其与糖尿病前期的关联通过Pearson卡方检验（渐近性，双侧）进行检验。亚组间牙周参数的差异用Mann-Whitney U检验进行检验。使用Fisher独立性精确检验分析患者组和对照组中等位基因和基因型频率的关联。所有检验的显著性水平设定为0.05。
与高血糖患者牙周炎临床参数的统计学显著差异相反，未观察到TCF7L2 rs7903146基因型与牙周状况或HbA1c水平之间存在统计学显著关联。
