Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, FR 3C, Aix-Marseille Université.
Department of Psychology, Universidad del Norte.
Neuropsychology. 2021 May;35(4):399-410. doi: 10.1037/neu0000668.
A deficit in interference control is commonly reported in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This has mainly been interpreted as a difficulty in inhibiting inappropriate responses. However, it could be due to at least two distinct and independent processes, which are often confounded: The activation or suppression of impulsive responses. The aim of the present study was to separate the contribution of these two processes.
We compared performance of 26 children with ADHD to that of 26 nonADHD children using a novel approach based on electromyographic activity (EMG) analysis. EMG allows two distinct indices to be computed: Incorrect activation rate, which is an index of the intensity of impulse capture and correction rate, which provides a direct measure of the ability to suppress automatic responses.
Children with ADHD were slower, committed more errors, and had a larger interference effect than nonADHD children. Moreover, we observed a greater incorrect activation rate and a lower correction rate in the ADHD group.
Our data suggest that the difficulties in interference control found in children with ADHD are explained by both impaired inhibitory processes and a greater propensity to activate automatic responses. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童普遍存在干扰控制缺陷。这主要被解释为抑制不当反应的困难。然而，这可能是由于至少两个不同且独立的过程造成的，这两个过程通常是混淆的：冲动反应的激活或抑制。本研究的目的是分离这两个过程的贡献。
我们使用基于肌电图（EMG）分析的新方法比较了 26 名 ADHD 儿童和 26 名非 ADHD 儿童的表现。EMG 允许计算两个不同的指数：错误激活率，这是冲动捕获强度的指标；以及校正率，它提供了抑制自动反应能力的直接衡量标准。
与非 ADHD 儿童相比，ADHD 儿童的反应速度较慢，错误更多，且干扰效应更大。此外，我们观察到 ADHD 组的错误激活率更高，校正率更低。
我们的数据表明，ADHD 儿童在干扰控制方面的困难既归因于抑制过程受损，也归因于激活自动反应的倾向更大。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2021 APA，保留所有权利）。
