环境刺激并不能减少注意缺陷多动障碍中的冲动选择：一项“粉红噪声”研究。
Environmental Stimulation Does Not Reduce Impulsive Choice in ADHD: A "Pink Noise" Study.
作者信息
Metin Baris, Roeyers Herbert, Wiersema Jan R, van der Meere Jaap J, Gasthuys Roos, Sonuga-Barke Edmund
机构信息
Ghent University, Belgium
Ghent University, Belgium.
出版信息
J Atten Disord. 2016 Jan;20(1):63-70. doi: 10.1177/1087054713479667. Epub 2013 Mar 19.
OBJECTIVE
The preference for sooner smaller over larger later rewards is a prominent manifestation of impulsivity in ADHD. According to the State Regulation Deficit (SRD) model, this impulsive choice is the result of impaired regulation of arousal level and can be alleviated by adding environmental stimulation to increase levels of arousal.
METHOD
To test this prediction, we studied the effects of adding background "pink noise" on impulsive choice using a classical and new adjusting choice delay task in a sample of 25 children with ADHD and 28 controls.
RESULTS
Children with ADHD made more impulsive choices than controls. Adding noise did not reduce impulsive choice in ADHD.
CONCLUSION
The findings add to the existing evidence on impulsive choice in ADHD, but no evidence is found for the SRD model's explanation of this behavioral style. Alternative explanations for impulsive choice in ADHD are discussed.
目的
相较于延迟获得的更大奖励，更倾向于更快获得的较小奖励是注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）冲动性的一个显著表现。根据状态调节缺陷（SRD）模型，这种冲动选择是唤醒水平调节受损的结果，并且可以通过增加环境刺激以提高唤醒水平来缓解。
方法
为了验证这一预测，我们使用经典的和新的调整选择延迟任务，在25名患有ADHD的儿童和28名对照组儿童样本中，研究了添加背景“粉红噪声”对冲动选择的影响。
结果
患有ADHD的儿童比对照组做出了更多冲动选择。添加噪声并没有减少ADHD儿童的冲动选择。
结论
这些发现为ADHD中冲动选择的现有证据增添了内容，但未找到支持SRD模型对这种行为方式解释的证据。文中讨论了对ADHD中冲动选择的其他解释。
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