CeRiN, Centro di Riabilitazione Neurocognitiva, CIMeC, Università di Trento.
Scuola universitaria superiore, IUSS Pavia.
Neuropsychology. 2021 May;35(4):451-459. doi: 10.1037/neu0000737.
Neurocognitive disorders in Parkinson's disease (PD) are common and heterogeneous. The aim of this study was to use a data-driven method to describe different cognitive phenotypes in PD and to explore anxiety, depression, and motor disturbances across the different cognitive profiles.
Latent profile analysis was applied to the neuropsychological performances of 65 patients with idiopathic PD assessed by means of a battery of tests that encompass measures of attention, memory, executive functions, social cognition, language, and visuospatial abilities.
A three-cluster model produced the best solution: Cluster A (21.54%) included patients with intact cognition or with a relatively slight cognitive impairment in memory and executive functioning; Cluster B (53.85%) included patients with an intermediate level of cognitive impairment; and Cluster C (24.61%) included patients with the most severe cognitive impairment, with greater deficit compared to Cluster B in executive functioning, and, notably, in tasks with a predominantly posterior cortical basis (naming and visuospatial abilities). The three subgroups did not differ in terms of age, gender, disease duration, motor symptom severity or side of onset, levodopa equivalent daily dose, level of anxiety, or depression; however, patients from Cluster C showed greater impairment than patients from Cluster A in measures of everyday functioning.
We presented a qualitative description of three distinct cognitive phenotypes emerging from a sample of 65 PD patients. The three clusters seem to be related to daily functioning but are independent from the stage of disease, motor functioning, anxiety, and depression. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
帕金森病（PD）患者的神经认知障碍较为常见且存在异质性。本研究旨在采用数据驱动的方法来描述 PD 患者的不同认知表型，并探讨不同认知特征与焦虑、抑郁和运动障碍的关系。
采用潜在剖面分析对 65 例特发性 PD 患者的神经心理学表现进行分析，评估工具包括注意力、记忆、执行功能、社会认知、语言和视空间能力等测试。
三聚类模型得出了最佳解决方案：聚类 A（21.54%）包括认知功能正常或记忆和执行功能轻度认知障碍的患者；聚类 B（53.85%）包括认知障碍程度中等的患者；聚类 C（24.61%）包括认知障碍最严重的患者，与聚类 B 相比，在执行功能方面，尤其是在主要以皮质后区为基础的任务（命名和视空间能力）方面，认知障碍更为严重。三个亚组在年龄、性别、疾病持续时间、运动症状严重程度或发病侧、左旋多巴等效日剂量、焦虑或抑郁水平方面没有差异；然而，与聚类 A 相比，聚类 C 的患者在日常功能评估中表现出更大的障碍。
我们对 65 例 PD 患者样本中出现的三种不同认知表型进行了定性描述。这三个聚类似乎与日常功能有关，但与疾病的阶段、运动功能、焦虑和抑郁无关。
