参与 COVID-19 疫苗试验的意愿；乌干达医护人员中的一项调查。
Willingness to participate in COVID-19 vaccine trials; a survey among a population of healthcare workers in Uganda.
机构信息
Medical Research Council / Uganda Virus Research Institute & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.
Kitovu Hospital, Masaka District, Uganda.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2021 May 27;16(5):e0251992. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251992. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 and may therefore be a suitable population for COVID-19 vaccine trials. We conducted a survey to evaluate willingness-to-participate in COVID-19 vaccine trials in a population of HCWs at three hospitals in Uganda.
METHODS
The survey was conducted between September and November 2020. Using a standardised questionnaire, data were collected on socio-demographics, previous participation in health research, COVID-19 information sources, underlying health conditions, and willingness-to-participate in COVID-19 vaccine trials. Data were analysed descriptively and a binomial generalised linear model with a log link function used to investigate factors associated with unwillingness to participate.
RESULTS
657 HCWs (female, 63%) were enrolled with a mean age of 33 years (Standard Deviation, 10). Overall willingness-to-participate was 70.2%. Key motivating factors for participation were: hope of being protected against COVID-19 (81.1%), altruism (73.3%), and the opportunity to get health care (26.0%). Selected hypothetical trial attributes reduced willingness-to-participate as follows: weekly-quarterly study visits over a 12-month period (70.2%-63.2%, P = 0.026); provision of approximately 50ml of blood at each study visit (70.2%-63.2%, P = 0.026); risk of mild-moderate local adverse reactions (70.2%-60.3%, P<0.001); chance of receiving candidate vaccine or placebo (70.2%-56.9%, P<0.001); and delay of pregnancy [Overall, 70.2%-57.1% P<0.001); Female, 62.8%-48.4% (P = 0.002); Male, 82.5%-71.5% (P = 0.003)]. Collectively, these attributes reduced willingness-to-participate from [70.2%-42.2% (P<0.001) overall; 82.5%-58.1% (P<0.001) in men; 62.8%-32.6% (P<0.001) in women]. Among individuals that were unwilling to participate, the commonest barriers were concerns over vaccine safety (54.6%) and fear of catching SARS-CoV-2 (31.6%). Unwillingness to participate was associated with being female (aRR 1.97, CI 1.46-2.67, P<0.001) and having university or other higher-level education (aRR 1.52, CI 1.05-2.2, P = 0.026).
CONCLUSIONS
Willingness-to-participate in COVID-19 vaccine trials among HCWs in Uganda is high but may be affected by vaccine trial requirements and concerns about the safety of candidate vaccines.
背景
医疗工作者（HCWs）感染 SARS-CoV-2 和 COVID-19 的风险很高，因此可能是 COVID-19 疫苗试验的合适人群。我们在乌干达的三家医院进行了一项调查，以评估 HCWs 人群对 COVID-19 疫苗试验的参与意愿。
方法
该调查于 2020 年 9 月至 11 月进行。使用标准化问卷，收集社会人口统计学、以前参与健康研究、COVID-19 信息来源、潜在健康状况以及参与 COVID-19 疫苗试验的意愿等数据。数据进行描述性分析，并使用具有对数链接函数的二项广义线性模型来研究与不愿参与相关的因素。
结果
共纳入 657 名 HCWs（女性占 63%），平均年龄为 33 岁（标准差为 10）。总体参与意愿为 70.2%。参与的主要动机包括：希望预防 COVID-19（81.1%）、利他主义（73.3%）和获得医疗保健的机会（26.0%）。以下假设的试验属性降低了参与意愿：12 个月内每周/每季度研究访问（70.2%-63.2%，P=0.026）；每次研究访问提供大约 50ml 血液（70.2%-63.2%，P=0.026）；轻度中度局部不良反应风险（70.2%-60.3%，P<0.001）；获得候选疫苗或安慰剂的机会（70.2%-56.9%，P<0.001）；以及妊娠延迟[总体而言，70.2%-57.1%，P<0.001）；女性，62.8%-48.4%（P=0.002）；男性，82.5%-71.5%（P=0.003）]。总体而言，这些属性降低了参与意愿，从[70.2%-42.2%（P<0.001）；男性 82.5%-58.1%（P<0.001）；女性 62.8%-32.6%（P<0.001）]。在不愿意参与的个体中，最常见的障碍是对疫苗安全性的担忧（54.6%）和对感染 SARS-CoV-2 的恐惧（31.6%）。不愿意参与与女性（aRR 1.97，CI 1.46-2.67，P<0.001）和具有大学或其他高等教育（aRR 1.52，CI 1.05-2.2，P=0.026）有关。
结论
乌干达 HCWs 对 COVID-19 疫苗试验的参与意愿很高，但可能受到疫苗试验要求和对候选疫苗安全性的担忧的影响。
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