Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, China.
The Clinical Hospital of the Chengdu Brain Science Institute, Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
J Psychiatr Res. 2021 Jul;139:62-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.05.008. Epub 2021 May 8.
Delay discounting reflects a devaluation of delayed long-term benefits but pursuing immediate rewards. Higher discounting rates (h-DR) are found ubiquitous in many diseases and unhealthy conditions, particularly in addiction disorder (AD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and obesity. Thus, h-DR was considered to be a common benchmark across many diseases facilitating to understand one disease to relevant others, which was called trans-disease process. However, the common and specific neural biomarkers associated with this process has not yet been studied well. We performed a voxel-wise task-related neuroimaging meta-analysis to clarify the neural pattern of trans-disease process across AD, ADHD and obesity. We recruited 19 eligible papers, including 9 AD papers (154 patients), 6 ADHD papers (106 patients) and 4 obesity studies (94 patients). Neuroimaging meta-analysis demonstrated the presence of neural biomarkers of trans-disease process: these patients showed inadequate brain response in caudate, ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) than do of healthy controls (HCs). Disease-specific neural patterns were also found, with prominent hypoactivation in parahippocampal-striatum network for AD, hyperactivation in dopamine-projection striatum network for ADHD and decreased activity in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and dlPFC for obesity. This study provided robust evidence to reveal the neural substrates of trans-disease process, as well further promoted the triple brain network model in favor of the theoretical developments of these neuropsychiatric disorders.
延迟折扣反映了对延迟的长期利益的贬值，但追求即时奖励。在许多疾病和不健康的情况下，都发现较高的折扣率（h-DR）普遍存在，尤其是在成瘾障碍（AD）、注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）和肥胖症中。因此，h-DR 被认为是许多疾病的共同基准，有助于理解一种疾病与其他疾病的相关性，这被称为跨疾病过程。然而，与这一过程相关的共同和特定的神经生物标志物尚未得到很好的研究。我们进行了一项基于体素的任务相关神经影像学荟萃分析，以阐明 AD、ADHD 和肥胖症之间跨疾病过程的神经模式。我们招募了 19 篇符合条件的论文，包括 9 篇 AD 论文（154 名患者）、6 篇 ADHD 论文（106 名患者）和 4 篇肥胖症研究（94 名患者）。神经影像学荟萃分析表明存在跨疾病过程的神经生物标志物：与健康对照组（HCs）相比，这些患者的尾状核、腹内侧和背外侧前额叶皮层（dlPFC）的大脑反应不足。还发现了疾病特异性的神经模式，AD 患者的海马-纹状体网络出现明显的低激活，ADHD 患者的多巴胺投射纹状体网络出现高激活，肥胖症患者的背侧前扣带皮层和 dlPFC 的活动减少。这项研究提供了有力的证据，揭示了跨疾病过程的神经基础，进一步促进了三重脑网络模型，有利于这些神经精神障碍的理论发展。
