Department of Caring Science, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, University of Gävle, SE-801 76, Gävle, Sweden.
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Institute for Palliative Care, Lund University and Region Skåne, Medicon Village, Hus 404B, 223 81, Lund, Sweden.
BMC Palliat Care. 2021 May 27;20(1):75. doi: 10.1186/s12904-021-00758-7.
Previous research shows that many cancer-bereaved youths report unresolved grief several years after the death of a parent. Grief work hypothesis suggests that, in order to heal, the bereaved needs to process the pain of grief in some way. This study explored acute grief experiences and reactions in the first 6 months post-loss among cancer-bereaved teenagers. We further explored long-term grief resolution and potential predictors of having had "an okay way to grieve" in the first months post-loss.
We used a population-based nationwide, study-specific survey to investigate acute and long-term grief experiences in 622 (73% response rate) bereaved young adults (age > 18) who, 6-9 years earlier, at ages 13-16 years, had lost a parent to cancer. Associations were assessed using bivariable and multivariable logistic regression.
Fifty-seven per cent of the participants reported that they did not have a way to grieve that felt okay during the first 6 months after the death of their parent. This was associated with increased risk for long-term unresolved grief (odds ratio (OR): 4.32, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.99-6.28). An association with long-term unresolved grief was also found for those who reported to have been numbing and postponing (42%, OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.22-2.47), overwhelmed by grief (24%, OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.35-3.04) and discouraged from grieving (15%, OR: 2.68, 95% CI: 1.62-4.56) or to have concealed their grief to protect the other parent (24%, OR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.23-2.73). Predictors of having had an okay way to grieve included being male, having had good family cohesion, and having talked about what was important with the dying parent.
More than half of the cancer-bereaved teenagers did not find a way to grieve that felt okay during the first 6 months after the death of their parent and the acute grief experiences and reaction were associated with their grief resolution long-term, i.e. 6-9 years post-loss. Facilitating a last conversation with their dying parent, good family cohesion, and providing teenagers with knowledge about common grief experiences may help to prevent long-term unresolved grief.
先前的研究表明，许多癌症丧亲的青少年在父母去世多年后仍报告存在未解决的悲伤。悲伤工作假说表明，为了治愈，丧亲者需要以某种方式处理悲伤的痛苦。本研究探讨了癌症丧亲青少年在丧亲后 6 个月内的急性悲伤体验和反应。我们进一步探讨了长期悲伤的解决情况以及在丧亲后最初几个月内“有适当的悲伤方式”的潜在预测因素。
我们使用一项基于人群的全国性、特定于研究的调查，调查了 622 名（73%的回复率）丧亲的年轻成年人（年龄>18 岁）在丧亲后的头 6 个月内的急性和长期悲伤体验，这些年轻人在 13-16 岁时失去了患有癌症的父母。使用单变量和多变量逻辑回归评估关联。
57%的参与者报告说，在父母去世后的头 6 个月内，他们没有一种感觉良好的悲伤方式。这与长期未解决的悲伤风险增加有关（优势比（OR）：4.32，95%置信区间（CI）：2.99-6.28）。那些报告麻木和拖延（42%，OR：1.73，95% CI：1.22-2.47）、被悲伤压垮（24%，OR：2.02，95% CI：1.35-3.04）、被劝阻悲伤（15%，OR：2.68，95% CI：1.62-4.56）或隐藏悲伤以保护另一位父母（24%，OR：1.83，95% CI：1.23-2.73）的人也与长期未解决的悲伤有关。有适当悲伤方式的预测因素包括男性、家庭凝聚力良好，以及与临终父母谈论重要事项。
超过一半的癌症丧亲青少年在父母去世后的头 6 个月内没有找到一种感觉良好的悲伤方式，他们的急性悲伤体验和反应与他们在丧亲后 6-9 年的悲伤解决情况有关，即长期悲伤。与临终的父母进行最后一次谈话、良好的家庭凝聚力以及为青少年提供关于常见悲伤体验的知识，可能有助于预防长期未解决的悲伤。
