Department of Nursing. University of Valencia, Spain; Care Research Group. INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
Department of Physiotherapy. University of Valencia, Spain; Group in Physiotherapy of the Ageing Processes: Socio-sanitary Strategies. Department of Physiotherapy. University of Valencia, Spain.
J Tissue Viability. 2021 Aug;30(3):402-409. doi: 10.1016/j.jtv.2021.05.004. Epub 2021 May 24.
Factors such as the manufacturing materials, shape or even the mechanical and thermal response of sitting Pressure Redistribution Support Surfaces (PRSS) can be potential contributors to pressure ulcers. However, few studies have compared a number of characteristics of the most frequently used devices.
To compare three potential contributors to pressure ulcers in five commercial PRSS: pressure redistribution, temperature and perceived comfort.
Study with a cross-over randomized design in healthy volunteer participants. Data was collected in a temperature and relative humidity controlled environment. To assess thermal response, the temperature (Flir-E60) of the region of interest was captured before and after use of each PRSS for further analysis. The region of interest was the gluteal zone. To assess the pressure redistribution a pressure mat (XSensor®) was used between the 5 cushion and each study participant using a standardized method. Finally, a subjective perception questionnaire recorded comfort, adaptability and thermal sensation parameters. Data analysis levels of significance were set at 0.05.
A total of 22 participants completed the assessments. There were no statistically significant differences in baseline temperatures between PRSS (>0.05). Pressure redistribution analysis showed significant differences between all PRSS in all variables evaluated except in the maximum and peak pressure index al sacrum. The subjective assessment suggested no major user-perceived differences between PRSS.
Seat cushions made of open cell polyurethane foam blocks of variable hardness and the horseshoe cushion (also open cell polyurethane foam) seem to provide a more effective pressure relief characteristic than those injected with polyurethane foam and gel in most of the studied pressure variables. However, the cushions provide similar thermal response and perceived comfort.
制造材料、形状甚至坐压重新分配支撑表面（PRSS）的机械和热响应等因素都可能是导致压疮的原因。然而，很少有研究比较过最常用设备的许多特性。
比较五种商业 PRSS 中导致压疮的三个潜在因素：压力再分布、温度和感知舒适度。
健康志愿者参与者的交叉随机设计研究。在温度和相对湿度受控的环境中收集数据。为了评估热响应，在使用每个 PRSS 前后，使用 Flir-E60 捕获感兴趣区域的温度，以便进一步分析。感兴趣区域是臀部区域。为了评估压力再分布，使用 XSensor®压力垫在 5 个坐垫和每个研究参与者之间使用标准化方法。最后，主观感知问卷记录了舒适度、适应性和热感觉参数。数据分析的显著性水平设置为 0.05。
共有 22 名参与者完成了评估。PRSS 之间的基础体温没有统计学上的显著差异（>0.05）。压力再分布分析显示，除了骶骨的最大和峰值压力指数外，所有 PRSS 在所有评估变量之间都存在显著差异。主观评估表明，PRSS 之间没有明显的用户感知差异。
由不同硬度的开孔型聚氨酯泡沫块和马蹄形坐垫（也是开孔型聚氨酯泡沫）制成的坐垫在大多数研究的压力变量中似乎比注入聚氨酯泡沫和凝胶的坐垫具有更有效的压力缓解特性。然而，这些坐垫提供了类似的热响应和感知舒适度。
