General Concepts in Theranostics.

Theranostics describes the pairing of diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic agents with common specific targets. Nuclear medicine is the greatest theranostics protagonist, relying on radioactive tracers for imaging biologic phenomena and delivering ionizing radiation to the tissues that take up those tracers. The concept has gained importance with the growth of personalized medicine, allowing customized management for diseases, refining patient selection, better predicting responses, reducing toxicity, and estimating prognosis. This work provides an overview of the general concepts of the theranostics approach in nuclear medicine discussing its background, features, and future directions in imaging and therapy.