Xia L J, Lalli M F, Ansah G A, Buckland R B
Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Poult Sci. 1988 May;67(5):819-25. doi: 10.3382/ps.0670819.
Level of damage caused by freezing and thawing to four spermatozoal organelles (individual mitochondrion, midpiece, nucleus, and perforatorium) and the relationships of the integrity of these organelles in fresh and frozen-thawed semen with fertility were examined. Semen sample from 10th generation males of a line of chickens selected for increased duration of fertility of frozen-thawed semen and the corresponding randombred control line were used. In both the selected and control lines, the freeze-thaw process caused significant (P less than .05) detrimental damage to the ultrastructure of the mitochondria, midpiece, and perforatorium but not to the nucleus. Types of damage were identical in both lines. Granulated nuclei were observed in both frozen-thawed and freshly ejaculated spermatozoa and were referred to as a nuclear defect. This nuclear defect was associated with reduced fertility, the effect being more severe with frozen-thawed semen. Where the incidence of the nuclear defect was greater than 2% in frozen-thawed semen, fertility was found to be very low or nil regardless of the degree of structural integrity of the mitochondria, midpiece and perforatorium. Highly significant (P less than .01) positive correlation coefficients were observed for percentage fertility 2 to 8 days postinsemination and duration of fertility in days with percentages of normal mitochondria (.80 and .92), midpiece (.79 and .87), nucleus (.86 and .94), and perforatorium (.84 and .97) for fresh semen. With frozen-thawed semen, the positive correlation coefficients were significant (P less than .05) for midpiece (.64 and .69) and nucleus (.63 and .71) and nonsignificant for mitochondria (.52 and .50) and perforatium (.20 and .30).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
研究了冻融对四种精子细胞器（单个线粒体、中段、细胞核和穿孔器）造成的损伤程度，以及新鲜精液和冻融精液中这些细胞器的完整性与生育力之间的关系。使用了来自一个为提高冻融精液生育力持续时间而选择的鸡品系第10代雄性的精液样本，以及相应的随机交配对照品系。在选择品系和对照品系中，冻融过程对线粒体、中段和穿孔器的超微结构造成了显著（P<0.05）的有害损伤，但对细胞核没有影响。两个品系的损伤类型相同。在冻融精子和新鲜射出的精子中均观察到颗粒状细胞核，称为核缺陷。这种核缺陷与生育力降低有关，冻融精液的影响更为严重。当冻融精液中核缺陷的发生率大于2%时，无论线粒体、中段和穿孔器的结构完整程度如何，生育力都非常低或为零。授精后2至8天的生育力百分比和生育天数与新鲜精液中正常线粒体（分别为0.80和0.92）、中段（0.79和0.87）、细胞核（0.86和0.94）和穿孔器（0.84和0.97）的百分比之间观察到高度显著（P<0.01）的正相关系数。对于冻融精液，中段（分别为0.64和0.69）和细胞核（0.63和0.71）的正相关系数显著（P<0.05），而线粒体（0.52和0.50）和穿孔器（0.20和0.30）的正相关系数不显著。（摘要截断于250字）
