Yaxley S, Rolls E T, Sienkiewicz Z J
University of Oxford, Department of Experimental Psychology, England.
Physiol Behav. 1988;42(3):223-9. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(88)90074-1.
(1) In order to determine whether the responsiveness of neurons in the insular gustatory cortex is influenced by hunger, neuronal activity was analysed in it while macaque monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were fed to satiety. The responses of single neurons in the insular gustatory cortex to the protypical taste stimuli glucose, NaCl, HCl and quinine HCl, and to fruit juice, were measured before, while, and after the monkey was fed to satiety with glucose or fruit juice. (2) While behavior turned from avid acceptance to active rejection upon repletion, the responsiveness of the neurons to the stimulus array, including the satiating solution, was unmodified. (3) It is concluded that in the insular gustatory cortex, neuronal responses to gustatory stimuli are not influenced by the normal transition from hunger to satiety. This is in contrast to the responses of a population of neurons recorded in the hypothalamus, which only respond to the taste of food when the monkey is hungry. Thus the neurons in the insular gustatory cortex are involved in a motivation-independent analysis of gustatory stimuli, whereas the hypothalamic neurons may be more closely related to the influence of motivational state on behavioral responsiveness to gustatory stimuli.
(1)为了确定岛叶味觉皮层中神经元的反应性是否受饥饿影响，在猕猴（食蟹猴）进食至饱腹感时，对其岛叶味觉皮层中的神经元活动进行了分析。在猕猴用葡萄糖或果汁进食至饱腹感之前、期间和之后，测量了岛叶味觉皮层中单个神经元对典型味觉刺激物葡萄糖、氯化钠、盐酸和盐酸奎宁以及对果汁的反应。(2)虽然饱腹后行为从热切接受转变为主动拒绝，但神经元对包括饱腹感溶液在内的刺激阵列的反应性并未改变。(3)得出的结论是，在岛叶味觉皮层中，神经元对味觉刺激的反应不受从饥饿到饱腹感的正常转变的影响。这与在下丘脑中记录的一群神经元的反应形成对比，这群神经元仅在猕猴饥饿时对食物的味道有反应。因此，岛叶味觉皮层中的神经元参与了对味觉刺激的与动机无关的分析，而下丘脑神经元可能与动机状态对味觉刺激行为反应性的影响更为密切相关。
