Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Biometris, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Public Health. 2021 Jun;195:83-88. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.04.002. Epub 2021 May 29.
Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) depend on public services for daily support and medical care; however, this group of individuals can be difficult to identify within population data. This therefore limits the opportunities to accurately estimate the size of the population with ID, monitor trends and tailor public health interventions according to the needs and characteristics of this group. By linking relevant databases, this study sought to identify individuals with ID in national data, to estimate the prevalence of ID based on public service use and to explore how this method can be used to better monitor the population with ID.
Explorative data linkage study using the Dutch population register and databases from public services accessible with an ID diagnosis.
The overall prevalence of ID in the Dutch adult population was estimated, specified by age group and sex, and the identified ID groups were also characterised by their support needs. Participants included the entire adult Dutch population who were alive on 1 January 2015.
After linking databases, 187,149 adults with ID were identified within a population of almost 12.7 million Dutch adults, giving an ID prevalence estimate of 1.45%. Prevalence of ID was higher among males (1.7%) than females (1.2%). Most individuals with ID were identified through the use of residential care services (n = 91,064; 0.7%). Non-residential ID-related care was used by 27,007 individuals (0.2%). Social, employment or income support due to a (mild) ID was received by 69,078 individuals (0.5%); the mean age in these ID groups was between 8 and 10 years which is younger than that in the general Dutch population. ID prevalence declined with increasing age across all ID subgroups.
The ID prevalence in The Netherlands, as determined by ID-related public service usage, aligns with international estimates. This suggests that national supportive services are accessible and used by individuals with ID. Moreover, this demonstrated that databases from national supportive services can be a useful resource to identify individuals with ID at the population level and can enable structural monitoring of the ID population through linking national databases.
智障人士（ID）依赖公共服务获得日常支持和医疗护理；然而，在人口数据中，这一人群很难被识别。这就限制了准确估计 ID 人群规模、监测趋势以及根据该人群的需求和特征调整公共卫生干预措施的机会。本研究通过链接相关数据库，旨在从国家数据中识别 ID 人群，根据公共服务使用情况估计 ID 的流行率，并探索如何利用这种方法更好地监测 ID 人群。
使用荷兰人口登记处和可凭 ID 诊断访问的公共服务数据库进行探索性数据链接研究。
估计荷兰成年人口的 ID 总体流行率，按年龄组和性别细分，并对确定的 ID 人群的需求进行特征描述。参与者包括 2015 年 1 月 1 日在世的所有荷兰成年人口。
在链接数据库后，在近 1270 万荷兰成年人口中识别出 187149 名 ID 成年人，ID 流行率估计为 1.45%。男性（1.7%）的 ID 流行率高于女性（1.2%）。大多数 ID 人群是通过使用住宿护理服务识别出来的（n=91064；0.7%）。有 27007 人（0.2%）使用非住宿 ID 相关护理。由于（轻度）ID 而获得社会、就业或收入支持的有 69078 人（0.5%）；这些 ID 人群的平均年龄在 8 到 10 岁之间，比荷兰普通人口年轻。在所有 ID 亚组中，ID 流行率随年龄增长而下降。
根据与 ID 相关的公共服务使用情况确定的荷兰 ID 流行率与国际估计值一致。这表明国家支持性服务对 ID 人群是可及和可用的。此外，这表明来自国家支持性服务的数据库可以作为在人群水平上识别 ID 人群的有用资源，并通过链接国家数据库来实现对 ID 人群的结构性监测。
