Zamora-Ballesteros Cristina, Pinto Gloria, Amaral Joana, Valledor Luis, Alves Artur, Diez Julio J, Martín-García Jorge
Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute, University of Valladolid-INIA, 34004 Palencia, Spain.
Department of Vegetal Production and Forest Resources, University of Valladolid, 34004 Palencia, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 May 15;22(10):5231. doi: 10.3390/ijms22105231.
causes one of the most important diseases of conifers worldwide, the pine pitch canker (PPC). However, no effective field intervention measures aiming to control or eradicate PPC are available. Due to the variation in host genetic resistance, the development of resistant varieties is postulated as a viable and promising strategy. By using an integrated approach, this study aimed to identify differences in the molecular responses and physiological traits of the highly susceptible and the highly resistant to at an early stage of infection. Dual RNA-Seq analysis also allowed to evaluate pathogen behavior when infecting each pine species. No significant changes in the physiological analysis were found upon pathogen infection, although transcriptional reprogramming was observed mainly in the resistant species. The transcriptome profiling of revealed an early perception of the pathogen infection together with a strong and coordinated defense activation through the reinforcement and lignification of the cell wall, the antioxidant activity, the induction of PR genes, and the biosynthesis of defense hormones. On the contrary, had a weaker response, possibly due to impaired perception of the fungal infection that led to a reduced downstream defense signaling. showed a different transcriptomic profile depending on the pine species being infected. While in the pathogen focused on the degradation of plant cell walls, active uptake of the plant nutrients was showed in . These findings present useful knowledge for the development of breeding programs to manage PPC.
引发全球针叶树最重要的病害之一——松材溃疡病（PPC）。然而，目前尚无旨在控制或根除松材溃疡病的有效田间干预措施。由于寄主遗传抗性存在差异，培育抗性品种被认为是一种可行且有前景的策略。本研究采用综合方法，旨在确定在感染早期高度感病和高度抗病的[具体树种]在分子反应和生理特性上的差异。双重RNA测序分析还能够评估病原菌感染每种松树时的行为。尽管在抗病品种中主要观察到转录重编程，但病原菌感染后生理分析未发现显著变化。[具体树种]的转录组分析显示，其对病原菌感染有早期感知，并通过细胞壁强化和木质化、抗氧化活性、病程相关基因（PR基因）诱导以及防御激素生物合成等方式，强烈且协调地激活防御反应。相反，[另一具体树种]的反应较弱，可能是由于对真菌感染的感知受损，导致下游防御信号传导减弱。根据被感染的松树品种不同，[病原菌名称]呈现出不同的转录组特征。在[一种松树]中，病原菌主要致力于植物细胞壁的降解，而在[另一种松树]中则表现出对植物养分的主动摄取。这些发现为制定防治松材溃疡病的育种计划提供了有用的知识。
