Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Iwate 028-3695, Japan.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2021 May 15;57(5):501. doi: 10.3390/medicina57050501.
The incidence of ovarian cancer, which has had a poor prognosis, is increasing annually. Currently, the prognosis is expected to improve with the use of molecular-targeted drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors as maintenance therapies after the first-line chemotherapy. The GOG218 and ICON7 studies reported the usefulness of bevacizumab and the SOLO-1 and PRIMA (A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Study of Niraparib Maintenance Treatment in Patients With Advanced Ovarian Cancer Following Response on Front-Line Platinum-Based Chemotherapy) studies have reported the usefulness of olaparib and niraparib, respectively. The ATHENA study investigating the usefulness of rucaparib is currently ongoing. Although clinical studies of immune checkpoint inhibitors are lagging in the field of gynecology, many clinical studies using programmed death cell-1 (PD-1) and PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies are currently ongoing. Some biomarkers have been identified for molecular-targeted drugs, but none have been identified for immune checkpoint inhibitors, which is a challenge that should be addressed in the future.
卵巢癌的发病率一直居高不下，且预后较差。目前，随着分子靶向药物和免疫检查点抑制剂在一线化疗后的维持治疗中的应用，预计预后将会得到改善。GOG218 和 ICON7 研究报告了贝伐珠单抗的有效性，SOLO-1 和 PRIMA（奥拉帕利维持治疗在一线含铂化疗后有缓解的晚期卵巢癌患者中的 III 期、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、多中心研究）研究报告了奥拉帕利和尼拉帕利的有效性。正在进行一项研究鲁卡帕利有效性的 ATHENA 研究。尽管免疫检查点抑制剂在妇科领域的临床研究滞后，但目前正在进行许多使用程序性死亡受体 1（PD-1）和 PD-1 配体 1（PD-L1）抗体的临床研究。已经确定了一些用于分子靶向药物的生物标志物，但尚未确定用于免疫检查点抑制剂的生物标志物，这是未来需要解决的一个挑战。
