Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel.
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
Cells. 2021 May 6;10(5):1119. doi: 10.3390/cells10051119.
The worldwide rise in prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) demands innovative bio-medical solutions for millions of kidney patients. Kidney regenerative medicine aims to replenish tissue which is lost due to a common pathological pathway of fibrosis/inflammation and rejuvenate remaining tissue to maintain sufficient kidney function. To this end, cellular therapy strategies devised so far utilize kidney tissue-forming cells (KTFCs) from various cell sources, fetal, adult, and pluripotent stem-cells (PSCs). However, to increase engraftment and potency of the transplanted cells in a harsh hypoxic diseased environment, it is of importance to co-transplant KTFCs with vessel forming cells (VFCs). VFCs, consisting of endothelial cells (ECs) and mesenchymal stem-cells (MSCs), synergize to generate stable blood vessels, facilitating the vascularization of self-organizing KTFCs into renovascular units. In this paper, we review the different sources of KTFCs and VFCs which can be mixed, and report recent advances made in the field of kidney regeneration with emphasis on generation of vascularized kidney tissue by cell transplantation.
全球慢性肾脏病 (CKD) 的患病率不断上升，这就需要为数百万肾病患者提供创新的生物医学解决方案。肾脏再生医学旨在补充因纤维化/炎症这一常见病理途径而丧失的组织，并使剩余的组织恢复活力，以维持足够的肾脏功能。为此，迄今为止设计的细胞治疗策略利用了各种细胞来源（胎儿、成人和成体多能干细胞）的肾脏组织形成细胞 (KTFC)。然而，为了提高移植细胞在恶劣的缺氧性疾病环境中的植入和效力，将 KTFC 与血管形成细胞 (VFC) 共移植非常重要。VFC 由内皮细胞 (EC) 和间充质干细胞 (MSC) 组成，它们协同生成稳定的血管，促进自我组织的 KTFC 向肾血管单位的血管化。在本文中，我们综述了可以混合的不同来源的 KTFC 和 VFC，并重点介绍了通过细胞移植生成血管化肾组织方面的最新进展。
